蔣發與陳式太極拳創始人陳王庭的關係（轉）
河南温县赵堡镇小留村（现属陈辛庄村）人蒋发从山西太原府太谷县的王宗岳（名林祯）处学太极拳七年回家乡传授太极拳，从此太极拳在赵堡镇扎根开创太极拳北派。蒋发出生于1574年，1654年去世，祖籍开封府东蒋家寨人，其后人现仍在赵堡镇西水村居住，1605年首传赵堡镇人邢喜槐，弟子,学员众多。蒋发因参加农民起义被朝庭追缉，曾避难于河南赵堡镇陈沟村陈王庭家中二月余，为感谢陈王庭（1600年出生），蒋教陈王庭太极拳，按现代说法陈王庭属蒋发学员，后来陈王庭结合祖传三皇炮锤创“陈式太极拳”。
二十年前北京三皇炮锤研究会研究发现“陈式太极拳”第二路就是三皇炮锤。事实上陈式太极拳的第一路是武当赵堡太极拳，第二路之后都是三皇炮锤。“陈式太极拳”原叫陈沟拳，又叫陈家拳，，由于陈王庭是学员而不是人门弟子他可以不认祖宗；加之国家提倡太极拳时，陈家的后人喜出望外，为了光宗耀祖说：天下的太极拳“陈式太极拳”历史最久；再加之杨式太极拳的祖师杨露禅在陈沟村学了陈家拳的第一路（太极拳），陈家的后人并说天下的太极拳出自“陈式太极拳”。清末著名武术家唐豪，顾游欣在没有考证的情况下糊言乱语，使陈家的后人狂妄自大为“天下的太极拳出自‘陈式太极拳’”找到了依据。
杨式太极拳流传至今的拳架事实上是杨班侯所传。杨露禅所学的拳没有流传，是因为杨班侯随武式太极拳的祖师学拳回家后杨露禅发现自己已不是儿子杨班侯的对手；加之朝庭的贵族不愿意与下级军官称兄道弟，于是除王爷们拜杨露禅为师而外，其余全拜杨班侯为师。拳的留传是由很多人向下传才有可能影响力变大，杨班侯人称“杨无敌”。杨式太极拳的传人认张三丰为其祖师因为杨班侯是武式太极拳的祖师武禹襄弟子。武禹襄是陈沟村族人陈清平的弟子，陈清平是张彦的弟子，张彦是张宗禹的弟子，张宗禹是陈敬柏的弟子，陈敬柏是张楚臣的弟子，张楚臣是邢喜槐的弟子。
不是弟子是学员是可以糊言乱语的！是可以允许不认祖宗的！但不能颠倒是非！不能胡说八道！事实求是的今天应还太极拳清白！
蒋发是张三丰祖师的再传弟子
蔣發是張三豐祖師的再傳弟子
目前，推廣陳派太極拳以拉動地方經濟収入為目的地方權勢緊攏北京武界權權威力挺陳派太極拳。獨樹陳派太極拳打壓趙堡太極拳，拿出什麼家譜來套趙堡傳人中的陳敬柏、陳清平。惡意混淆真實太極拳傳承歷史，以扶持和式太極為幌，實以招安目的在於拆解趙堡太極之傳承，在地方權勢支持下陳派欺世滅祖獨霸天下。壓制蔣發目地在於否定源自武當張三豐的太極拳之真實歷史地位。獨樹陳王廷創造太極拳之謬論。目前流行之陳式太極只不過是個沒有什麼像樣太極理論的仿趙堡太極拳之砲錘拳架而巳。蔣發是張三豐祖師的再傳弟子(轉)張三豐—劉古泉—王宗岳—蔣發—傳趙堡太極拳。蔣發著《太極拳功》在太極拳的流傳與發展史上，蔣發宗師是一位承上啟下的重要人物。可以說，沒有蔣發宗師到山西向王宗岳學習太極拳，絕不可能有今天的陳、楊、吳、武、孫等流派的流傳與發展。海內外的太極拳傳人，牢記古訓「吃水不忘挖井人」是樹立尊師重道觀念，提高道德情操的重要保證。蔣發宗師學拳經歷雖已久遠，可雍正六年趙堡古拳譜存留的蔣發著《太極拳功》，卻是清晰可見，它是蔣發到山西學拳最有力的證據之一。為了方便學習、研究、繼承和發展，現公之於同好。蔣發著《太極拳功》「師傅曰：『太極行功法，在調陰陽、合神氣止心於臍下。』乃曰：『凝神斂神入氣穴，使陰陽交感，渾然一炁』。夫太極拳者，靜而始動，動而至靜，動靜相因。形互依，意氣相聚，拳未到而意先到，拳不到而意亦到。筆者以為，蔣發宗師是尊師重道的典範。現就蔣發《太極拳功》而言，首先說：“師傅曰”，繼而又說“乃曰。”初看之，似乎指其恩師王宗岳。細觀之，見其文風與王宗岳《太極拳論》不相吻合，但與張三豐《學太極拳須斂神聚氣論》和《太極行功法》文風與內涵卻是高度的一致。故而可斷，蔣發文中“師傅曰”與“乃曰”，是指張三豐祖師傳曰無疑。蔣發《太極拳功》由兩部分組成，其中「師傅曰：『太極行功法，在調陰陽，合神氣止心於臍下。』」是對張三豐《太極行功法》的高度濃縮而成。而「乃曰：『凝神斂神入氣穴，使陰陽交感，渾然一炁』」。則是對三豐祖師《學太極拳須斂神聚氣論》融會貫通後的濃縮。其餘後面部分，如「連而不斷」、「動靜相因」、「拳未到而意先到，拳不到而意亦到」。以及「上下相隨，內外相合，虛實分明，用意不用力，學者不二法門也」等，多數都是三豐祖師文中的原句，僅三豐祖師《太極拳十要》收錄的就有十分之四。以上蔣發《太極拳功》與三豐祖師拳論進行對照，相互印證，足以說明，明代太極拳祖師張三豐與其再傳弟子蔣發之間的傳承關係，早在400年前的明萬歷年間，就牢牢地鑲嵌在蔣發《太極拳功》的字裡行間。同時也說明了《太極拳十要》是三豐祖師的古典太極拳拳法。後經趙堡歷代傳人和楊澄甫、陳微明等修改和補充後，使其更加完善，成為習太極拳不二法門的「十大要素」而流傳於後世。以上蔣發《太極拳功》再現中國武壇，足以證明，蔣發宗師是三豐祖師的再傳弟子確定無疑。明代張三豐創造的太極拳，三百年後，經趙堡太極拳第四代宗師陳敬柏（趙堡鎮人），在清乾隆年間才傳入陳家溝。趙堡太極拳的流傳又與陳王廷何干？ ！沒有蔣發宗師於明萬歷年間去山西向王宗岳學習張三豐的太極拳，何來陳家溝的陳式太極拳！目前，推廣陳派太極拳以拉動地方經濟収入為目的地方權勢力挺陳派，獨樹陳派打壓趙堡太極，拿出什麼家譜來套趙堡傳人中的陳敬柏、陳清平。惡意混淆真實太極拳傳承，以扶持和式太極為幌，實以招安目的在於拆解趙堡太極傳承，在地方權力支持下欺世滅祖獨霸天下。壓制蔣發目地在於否定源自武當張三豐的太極拳之歷史地位。獨樹陳王廷創造太極拳之謬論。到目前陳式太極只不過是個沒有什麼像樣太極理論的砲錘拳架而巳。那我們要問，那些說「蔣發是陳王廷的弟子，還為陳氏扛大刀」的人，不知此時有何感想！那些說「趙堡太極拳是陳氏太極拳支流」的人，不知此時又有何感受！那些說「溫縣趙堡太極拳總會是非法組織」的人，此時此刻，又有何感慨呢？文後寄語綜前所述，無論是杜元化的考證，或是王柏青古拳譜的記載；無論是台灣《道藏精華》的最新挖掘，或是蔣發宗師《太極拳功》的再現。都無可辯駁的證明，張三豐祖師曾為創造太極拳和傳播太極拳建立了豐功偉業。當元末明初的張三豐祖師創造中國的太極拳時，陳家溝的陳王廷還遠沒有出世呢！毋庸置疑，這是建國以來，武術界一樁最大的錯案和冤案。說它是錯案，因為它錯認了太極拳的祖師；說它是冤案，因為這是中國道家和道教文化的一樁千古奇冤！這樁錯案和冤案，不但湮沒了道家始祖老子創立太極鍊丹術理論體系的偉大貢獻。而且還湮沒了諸如尹文始、莊子、列子、文子、魏伯陽、麻衣道長、陳摶、鍾離權、呂洞賓、白玉蟾、張伯端、王重陽、丘處機、火龍真人等兩千餘年來的歷代道家和道教學者，前赴後繼地為道術、太極鍊丹術和太極拳理論的形成、完善和發展所做出的卓越貢獻。更重要的是它湮沒張三豐創造和傳播太極拳所做出的偉大貢獻。明代的張三豐，之所以至今未被尊奉為太極拳與武當內家拳的武聖和精神領袖，以及在武術發展史上的地位未得到充分肯定，完全是因為半個世紀以來武術界管理層在源流史上考察的偏頗所致。三豐祖師之所以偉大，是因為他創造了科學的太極拳理論體系；創編了以十三勢為核心的太極拳勢和完整的套路，以及太極雙推手和散手等。後經王宗岳、蔣發、邢喜懷、張楚臣、王柏青、陳敬柏、張宗禹、張彥、陳清平、張應昌、和兆元、李景顏、李作智、任長春、張敬芝、楊露禪、武禹襄、李亦然、李亦楊澄浦、吳鑑泉、郝為真、孫祿堂、杜元化、鄭伯英、鄭悟清、侯春秀、王晉讓（台）、李雅軒、鄭曼青（台）、吳圖南和陳發科等的傳授和發揚，廣泛流傳於今世。張三豐祖師所遺留的非物質文化遺產，世代相傳，流光溢彩，傳遍了祖國大江南北，遠播了五洲四海，造福了億萬的民眾，為人民大眾的健康長壽做出了不可磨滅的貢獻。堅信，在黨的十七大「推動社會主義文化大發展大繁榮」的精神指導下，在建構和諧社會、科學發展觀和依法治國方針指引下，在海內外廣大太極拳傳人的推動下，希望國家為上述古代道家老夫子和張三豐正名之日，為中華民族的復興。實事求是還中國太極拳一個真實的歷史將會到來。
A Study on Jiang Fa , the Second Generation Grandmaster of Northern Tai Chi
(Author: Ouyang Xuezhong)
1. The common founder of the six major sects
Jiang Fa is the successor of Wang Zongyue, the first generation master of Northern Tai Chi. He has made indelible contriions to the inheritance, & opment and Chivelu. . He is not only the founder of Zhaobso , under ancestor of the six modern schools (Zhaobao, Chen, Yang, Wu, Wu, and Sun). He is the second generation master of Northern Tai Chi.
。 Tai Chi. Wang Zongyue was 變disciple, reversing. know about Jiang Fa's life achievements. Restoring his reputation and achievements now will make people who were deceived by Tang and Gu feel surprised and difficult to understand for aile Tang and Gu feel surprised and difficult to understand for aile. Xam 但
196185-1999775 月. Tai Chi master, said in his book "A Brief Introduction to Tai Chi" in 1927: "After Sanfeng, the one who received his true teachings was Wang Zongyue from Shan. wrote many articles such as "Tai Chi Boxing Theory" and "Exination of Gongum" based on Sanfeng's legacy. His reasoning is exquisite and concise. What is handed down today is actually his theory." The "what is handed down today , namely Chen, Yang, Wu, Wu, and Sun, as well as the ancient Zhaobo. For example School Changan ancient his teachings to Yang Luchan, and Chen Qingping passed on his teachings to Wu Yuxiang, all of which were based onon Wang Zongs ond alboxs 票.
Therefore, the six major schools all acknowledged Wang Zongyue's achievements; the only ones who dinot ack Wang Zongyue's achievements; the only ones who dewid the ackage, fnown 和 Gr. successors. In the ancient times of secretmal smission, In the。 ") was a secret among secrets, and was not easily passed on to others. It was only passed on among successors and disciples. It was not as public as it is today, where anyone can copyboxit or can can copyboxit or buy s. and successors who possessed the "Wang Pu" were distant descendants or disciples of Wang Zongyue and Jiang Fa.
This is true for all six major schools. Why is Jiang Fa's name added here? Because Wang Zongyue's boxing manual and techniques were passed down by the only successor, Jiang Fa. Although Wangong yue Although 給from Zhengzhou), they were both lost. Without Jiang Fa's efforts to promote and develop it, "Wang's Manual" would have been lost and shelved. Therefore, Wang Zongyue's historical achieves also include Jiango include Jiang. -generation master of Northern Tai Chi. For details about the origin of the Northern School, please see the appendix of this article: "A Brief Table of the Origin of Northern Tai Chi".
2. Jiang Fa's Early Activities (1574-1605)
(I ) Study on the Year of Jiang Fa's Birth
Jiang Fa was born in Xiaoliu Village, a few miles east of Zhaobao Town, Wen County, Henan Province. He was born in the second year of the Wanli reign of the Ming Dynasty (1574 AD). This birth year was confirmed by several bches the Zever such as the He Zhaoyuan branch, the Zhang Yingchang branch, and the Ren Changchun branch) as the second year of the Wanli reign of the Ming Dynasty. This is evidence left in written records in the history of boxing. It is the first-hand material passed togene geneby Jiang toth toth material passed to geneby Jiang; Fa himself to his disciple Xing Xihuai, and there is no doubt about it. In the past, some people were skeptical because they believed in the false rumors of the pseudonymous "Chen Changxing Preface" (abbreviated as "Chenyfaces"). The henson for leuple the final the is that the "Chen Preface" was spread earlier and had already caused an impact between 1910 and 1920. The credible historical materials of Zhaobao began to appear in 1935 when Duconnhua published "The Aentic Taiions 對 Acc. know the truth before the "Chen Preface" that exposed the false rumors was published. Now, it is time to get rid of the false rumors and keep the truth.
Since the 20th century, rumors from outside have seriously interfered with Jiang Fa's era and historical facts. It is said that "Jiang Fa lived during the reign of Emperor Qianlong of the Qing Dynasty" and thaty during the reign of Emperor Qian長were written by many famous people, and there is a pseudonymous "Preface to Chen Changxing" which uses Chen Changxing's own tone to say that he "received instruction from Jiang Fa for twenty years", making itous btable, Instruction from Jiang Fa for twenty years", making itous bronin , fal, finin Chenjiagou, left a message in Chen's "Wenxiutang Boxing and Weapon Manual" when he was eighty years old (1928), and the people of Jie Village could no longer say that "Jiang Fa was the teacher of Chen Wangting". This was be live enk Ming Dynasty, and "Jiang Bashi" (referring to Jiang Fa) lived during the reign of Emperor Qianlong of the Qing Dynasty. People from different times cannot be teachers. In addition, another legend was spread in 1984, saying that when Wu Tuen in pened Ch Tunan said: "When Chen Changxing was middle-aged, he was practicing boxing with his sons, nephews and apprentices. Jiang Fa was watching and laughed. Chen Changxing went forward to chase him, but Jiang Fa turned 是down and begged to be his disciple. " can echo "Chen Xu" from a distance. There are three theories as evidence. However, the real information about Zhaobao Taijiquan was unknown before 1935. When famous masters from all over
the saying of wr bookcom "Qianlong" was widely spread. As the saying goes, "three people make a tiger", and many famous masters have repeatedly spread it for decades, which made the society believe it to be true. Later, Du Yuanhua's "Taijciety believe it to be true。 born in the second year of Wanli in 。
. The so-called "Chen Preface" was not written by Chen Changxing. There is no such preface passed down in Chenjiagou, nor in the Yang family. It was passed down by Li style Tai Chi. Chenjiagou does not recoize the saying by Li style Tai Chi. Chenjiagou does not recoize the saying that "Jiang the Faedenjiagou artpassed that "Jiang to enjiag . The generally recognized "Chen Family Genealogy" in Chengou wrote about Chen Changxing's master: "Changxing, the son of Bingwang, passed on all his father's knowledge." It was the skills passed down by his father, and his father Bingwang eived the Jixia
The "Wang Pu" obtained by Chen Changxing was passed down from Chen Jixia to Bingwang, and then to Changxing. There is also a joint statue of Jiang Fa and Chen Wangting in the ancestral hall of Chengou, which shows that Jich ang Fawas Ji, which ang Fa in the late Ming and early Qing dynasties. It is impossible for him to live to the Jiaqing era (1796-1820) and pass it on to Chen Changxing. The Zhaobao Taijiquan School passed by Jiang Fa does not recoize the saying that "Jiang Fa passed thatx" both local schools do not recognize it, the "Chen Xu" from other places is naturally invalid. The author personally went to Zhaobao to investigate in June 2001, and the locals unanimously believed that there was no "Qian Jiang Fa in long Jiang. "Qianlong" saying is untrue.
2. According to Chen Xin's previous statements, he also said that Jiang Fa lived in the late Ming and early Qing dynasties, and was a contemporary of Chen Wangting. However, in order to cover up the fact that "Jiang Fa to Chen Wangting", he lied in his later years that Jiang Fa lived during the Qianlong period, and signaled the villagers not to talk about Jiang Fa teaching Chen Wangting. The original texts of his previous statements are as follows:
(1) In Chen Xin's “Chen Wang Familygyengy” (written before 1919), it says: “Wang Ting and Li Jiyu, a military candidate from Dengfeng, were on good terms. Dengfeng was in turmoil due to the oppression of officials.
First. The public stopped him, and when he went up the mountm, up the rained ups up the the mountain, but he could not hurt him. He met an enemy, and he was unable to catch up with him after three rounds of defense. When he was defeated, a man named Jiang served him, who was the one he chased that day. He could chase a rabbitps and hundred ste steps also good at boxing. "The one named Jiang who served him" in the article refers to Jiang Fa. Chen Shaodong, grandson of Chen Xin, wrote an article in Wulin magazine, issue 12, 1992, page 6, confirming that "the 花 who served 1992, page 6, confirming that "the one who pserved him Jil. "
(2) Chen Xin wrote "Discrimination of Boxing" on the second day of the ninth lunar month in the 17th year of the Republic of China (1928) (quoted from the Appendix of "Japanese Taijiq Manual" compiled ual He compiled 27, page page ). The full text is as follows: "In the previous Ming Dynasty, a father and daughter came from Yunnan to Shanxi and lived in Xiaowang Village, Fenhe, Fenzhou Prefecture. They passed on their boxing skills to their son Wang. (Note: Wang Zongyue, whose. in Dongye Town, Yangcheng County, Shanxi Province, not Fenzhou Prefecture.) A Jiang surnamed Jiang from Wendong Liu Village (Xiaoliu Village) in Henan Province inherited his skills and was called Pu Well, this may be true, but it is not Who to say that Chen's uping that did Chen's boxing imitate? It is said that Taijiquan was created when Chen moved to the temperate zone. There were many people who practiced this boxing in later generations. For example, Wang Ting in the Ming Dynasty, Jing Bo and Ji Haoping in Qing D. were Xing Xi (Xi) Huai and Zhang Zongyu in Zhaobao Town, and later Chen Qingping and Niu Fahu were all famous masters. Chen Bixian did not know the reason and said that he learned it from Jiang, which is a big mistake。 from the pre-Ming Dynasty, not Qianlong.
(3) On September 23, 1988, Chen Xin left a message on the Wenxiutang Boxing and Weapon Manual, which reads: "Chen's boxing has been famous since the Yuan Dynasty。 Dynasty. He was not taught by Jiang (Jiang Fa). By the time of Chen Zouting (Wang Ting), there were countless masters before the Ming Dynasty. After Chen Zouting, there were also countless masters. In short, Chen Zouting was a Ming Dynashow person Jiang Bashi (the original text mistakenly wrote "Ba Shi", referring to Jiang Fa) who lived during the Qianlong period, say that "Chen's boxing was passed down (inherited) from Jiang". This statement is completely wrong, and Jiang did not claim to be not
. the two texts, it can be seen that within 20 days, Jiang Fa changed from a "pre-Ming" person to a "Qianlong" person. It can be seen that in order to bring glory to the Chen family, Chen Xin did not hesitate to make up lies to cover up the historical fact that "Jiang Fa taught Chen Wangting boxing". Therefore, the villagers did not listen at all. When Tang Hao visited in 1931, the villagers still said that "Jiang Fa was Chen Wangting's teacher", which shows that the "Qianlong" statement is not enough.
As for the legend spread in 1984, it is said that when Wu Tunan visited Chenjiagou in 1917, Chen Xin told Wu: "Chen Changxing, a member of the Chen clan, led his sons, nephebox and appterice member of the Chen clan, led his sons, nephebox and appterices on. the autumn harvest one year. At this time, a man came to watch. When he saw the excitement, he laughed out loud. He knew that he was being rude and turned around and ran away. Chen Changxing chased him fierce that him fier , he stretched out his hand and grabbed the man's shoulder. The man turned around suddenly and Chen fell out and fell to the ground. Chen Changxing got up and wanted to become his apprentice. This person was Master Jiang Fa, who opened a tofushop in Xrentice. This person was Master Jiang Fa, who opened a tofushop in Xrenti' on his way back to Henan to visit his mother and passed by here." This legend is also believable. However, Chen Xin's consistent guiding ideology contradicts this. Chen Xin wanted to bring glory to the ancestors of the Chen family, and he denied the bring glory f that "Ji 使用, that historbox, that the histor. ". Therefore, he would never make up a lie and admit that Chen Changxing's boxing was taught by Jiang Fa, a person of another surname. This would also damage the honor of the ancestors of the Chen family. Whether Chen Xin madesmed remark scan iat withr notcan made secondary evidence.
From this examination, we can conclude that Jiang was born in the second year of the Wanli period of the Ming Dynasty (1574 AD), which is the birth year passed down by Jiang Fa to his disciple his birth year passed down by Jiang Fa to his disciple hisihuate, and reacc
(II) Jiang Fa's apprenticeship, acceptance of disciples, and establishment of his school
When Jiang Fa was young, he liked martial arts and practiced external boxing. When he was 22 years old (1596), he was practicing boxing with young people in Zhaob Street. He hamened to mhuazia aontung people in Zhaob Street. He hamened shuman, He hanga ihion. He hangened jung people in Zhaob Street。 Yangcheng County, Shanxi Province, and his entourage. They were going to Zhengzhou to check their business and stayed in Zhaobao before crossing the Yellow River. They were also watching the young man practicing was was found that was wasound that wasial man practicing was was found that wasial found suitable for training. Moved by Jiang Fa's s. of Tai Chi internal strength, techniques and boxing theory, but also comprehensively trained in literary talent, Tai Chi philosophy and martial arts ethics, becoming the second-genei master of the Northernration was was a ple yial wasterary . 1603), he returned home after completing his apprenticeship. Wang Zongyue said, "When you return home, this art cannot be passed on carelessly. It's not that I won't pass it on to you, butlessly. It's not that I won thet pass it on to you, but I won to pass pass it person. If I find the right person, I will teach him everything. If I don't pass it on to the right person, it will be like having no descendants. It's better to pass it on to many people." Jiang Fa followed his teacher's order and looked for pple . In the second year of Yue (1605), he accepted Xing Xihuai from Zhaobao Street as his apprentice. There were successors from generation to generation, forming the ancient school of Zhaobao Tai Chi. Because Jiang Fa was from Zhaobao, he was the first gene was the fircao was from Zhaobao, he was the first gene was the first passed to the fourth generation head, Chen Jingbai, it was introduced to Chenjiagou, and Chen-style Tai Chi officially rose in the Qianlong era.
Therefore, the three schools of Chen, Yang and Wu all belong to the inheritance of Jiang Fa - X 6ihuang and Wu all belong to the inheritance of Jiang Fa - Xxihuang - Chen Jingbai. The predecessor Li Yishe said in the "Preface to Taijiquan" of "Five-Character Formula": "I don't know who started Taijiquan? Its subtlety and ingenuity are explained in detail by Wang Zongyue! Later, it was introduced to the Chen family in Chenjiagou, Henan. There are only a few people who are wise and enlightened in each generation." The introduction of "Wang Pu" to Chenjiagou is an indirect inheritance of Jiang Fa, which is undeniable.
Zhaobao Tai Chi was passed down to the seventh generation headmaster Chen Qingping, who recruited many disciples and passed it on to Wu Yuxiang, who then derived Wu Style Tai Chi, and then derived Sun leancet. all be traced back to Jiang Fa. Therefore, he is also the second generation master of Northern Tai Chi.
This historical fact exposes the fallacy of Gu Liuxin's claim that "the origin of Tai Chi in the world is Chengou". The are two key (1) Chengou's boxing skills and boxing manual were created by Chen Jingbai, the third-generation disciple of Jiang Fa. (
2) The Wu and Sun sects originated from the seventh generation leader of Zhaobao, Chen Qingping, and have nothing to do with Chenjiagou。
and prime years
(1605-1640) The middle-aged and prime years are the golden age of a person's career. This is also true for Jiang Fa's contribution. However, there are few records in the history of Zhaobao style boxing. We can on few records in the history of Zhaobao style boxing。 brief summary.
During these 35 years, Jiang Fa trained his disciple Xing Xihuai, who has become a successful successor. Xing also accepted his sworn brother Zhang Chuchen as his disciple. In terms of the growth and consolidation of the school,a laal the the burden of promoting the cause of Tai Chi.
Jiang Fa focused on the research and innovation of boxing theory, and his main achievements include:
1. In order to boxularize Wang Zongyue's boxing manual, he wrote 37 boxpoping exations, whiched theory. Later, Wu Jianquan named this set of boxing explanations "Tai Chi Fa Shuo" and his son Wu Gong
Zao published it in his 1935 book “Taijiquan Lecture Notes”. Yang Zhenji also published the copy kept by Chen and Yi fept by Chen and fso published the copy kept by Chen and per fept by Chen and fso published the copy kept by Chen and per fept by Chen and fso published the copy kept by Chen and per fept by Chen and feptix of Yang Chengfu Style Taijiquan” in 1992 for the public to share. Modern boxers treasure this manual very much, and it can be matched with Wang Zongyue's ancient manual to make it more brilliant.
2. The ancient name of ing, "Thirteen Postcainguan, "Thirtname reures", ancient" In Wang Zongyue's series of boxing theories, there is no name of "Taijiquan", which are collectively referred to as "Thirteen Postures". In the 37 boxing explanations written by Jiang Fa, there is no name of "Taijiquan", but the is "Taiji" very frequently, such as "Taiji Circle", "Taiji Advance and Retreat", "Taiji Up and Down Name Heaven and Earth", "Taiji Body and Use Explanation", "Taiji Civil and Martial Explanation", "Taiji Understanding Strength Explanation", "Human Body Taiji Explanation","Taiji Divided into Three Forms of Civil and Martial Arts Explanation", "Taiji Zhenggong Explanation", "Big and Small Taiji" and so on.
Explanation of the "Thirteen Postures" boxing theory is guided by the Tai Chi theory. Using "Tai Chi" as the name of the boxing reflects its philosophy, which is more appropriate than naming the techniques "Eight Gates" and "Five Steps". Changing the name is the general trend. Jiang Fa said in "Explanation of Big and Small Tai Chi": "The world is a big Tai Chi, and the human body is a small Tai Chi. The human body is the body of Tai Chi, and it is necessary to practice Tai Chi boxing ." "Tai Chi boxing" is used here instead of "Tai Chi boxing", which means it is on the eve of changing its name to "Tai Chi boxing". The last sentence of the book says: "This does not use turbid force and is purely divine, and the effect is remarkable!
The master said and "Extremely soft and" then extremely hard." This is what he meant. "Here, Wang Zongyue's famous sentence "Extremely soft and then extremely hard" is quoted, and Wang Zongyue is called "the master", so it can be known that the author is undoubtedly Jiang. third and fourth Sanfeng boxing secrets in "Wang Pu" and promoted them as the title "Taijiquan Theory", added the three words "This is the theory" at the end of the text, and attached a hundred chapters to the text saying: "This theory is veryvery important, and the word Kaiyuan is a foil. People who are not born with wisdom cannot understand it. The master was unwilling to pass it on casually, not only to select people, but also to fear that the effort would be wasted." This is the true portal，that the effort would be
。 . He created the Zhaobao Secret Boxing Manual, "General Song and Interpretation of the Body and Use" and "Diagram of the Origin of the Thirteen Forms of Taijiquan". (For these two manuals, please refer to the book "Study and Analysis of Du Yuanhua's "The Authentic Taijiquan book "Study and Analysis of Du Yuanhua's "The Authentic Taijiquan""" -authored by Wang Haizhou and Yan Hanxiu, pages 163-164 and 167) The manual notes "naming the thirteen forms", "this is the real secret", "never underestimate it", etc., which is the secret of the secrets of the Zhaobao School. It is the result of Jiangvel Fa's secrets of the Zhaobao School. It is the result of Jiangvel creative of Jiangative of Wang Zongyue's boxing theory.
When Du Yuanhua publicly taught this secret art at the Henan Provincial Martial Arts Museum, the museum dir？ hope of learning their secrets. Unexpectedly, I have now obtained the secret Tai Chi Boxing Explanation of Thirteen Types written by Mr. Du Yuwan (Yuanhua). Now that I am a fellow enthusiast,I feel that Tai Chi Boxing lives up to its name." It can be seen that Jiang Fa made outstanding contributions in theory.
4. Jiang Fa was the first to transform the single-style exercise of "Thirteen Postures" Changquan into a fixed Tai Chi boxing routine by repeating it over and over again: In Wang Zongyue's era, "Thirteen Postures" (ChChangquanave a routine.
In Jiang Fa's early work "Explanation of Fifty-three Postures of Changquan", he said: "Practice hard, one posture and one form at a time. After mastering them, combine them into a long one, continuously and over and over again, so one, continuously and over and over again. Changquan. You must not have a fixed posture, for fear that after a long time you will become a slippery fist, or you may become a hard fist." This shows that Jiang Fa did not have the idea of creating a routine in the early s did not have the idea of creating a routine in the early stage.
In Ans: book Tai 1930, Chen Weiming wrote: "I heard that Tai Chi was previously practiced in separate forms without continuity. It would be better to start from now on and connect the separate forms into one.
In my humble opinion, it proly started with Mr. Wang. Wang Zongyue, bem humble oai it proibabn Lun" 有 various titles, which are connected as one. Therefore, Mr. Zongyue's contribution to Tai Chi Quan is extremely great. If it had not been connected as one, it would have been lost long ago."
From this, it can uan would have been lost long ago." From , 學術Lun" was given by Jiang Fa, and the various names attached to it must have been after the publication of "Taijiquan Lun", and were not created by Wang Zongyue. When Jiang Fa entered Chengou in his later years, he helped Chen Wangting the firstand the first the first the first the first round of Chen style Taijiquan routines, and also created the "Gui Chezan" routine for Kaifeng Puji Temple. The creator of the earliest Taijiquan routines should be Jiang Fa.
5. He created a set of "ghost-chezan" boxing for Kaifeng Puji Temple. According to the xiartic' "ghost-chezan"" published by Chen Xudong in the November 1988 issue of "Wulin" magazine, "Shanxi Dingxiang County
The "ghostly" boxing technique is said to have been created by Jiang Fa, a boxer from Henan. During the reign of Emperor Kangxi of the Qyiing Dangxi of the Qhung, ,t.來自 Xiaowang Village, Dingxiang County, was sentenced to three years of exile in Kaifeng Prefecture because his uncle Lao Er accidentally killed someone. In order to repay his uncle's kindness in raising him, Song Benyi escorted his uncle to Kaifengturn to Kaifeng home his term expired. Song Benyi settled in Kaifeng Puji Temple.
One night, he saw monks practicing together and liked it very much. After several twists and turns, he finally learned the secret "ghost-chetting" Shanxi."The time and space described in this article are similar to Jiang Fa's time and region, which is more in line with historical facts.
6. Jiang Fa also has some lost boxing manuals waiting to be excavated. According to the note at the end of Du Yuanhua's "Dajiquan Zhengzong", "Master Jiang's Taijiq Zhengzong has eightong an has eighty . Master Ren (Ren Changchun). The general diagram and the diagrams of the thirteen techniques he drew in his lifetime are only seen twice. He drew it once with my senior brother Chen Sidian. Chen has
密碼drawings besides this one. My brother Liu Yingxian asked me to make it public and share it with fellow enthusiasts. Now I will print one volume first, and the rest are being compiled. "(Seal of "Yu Wan") From this, we can see that. volumes handed down by Jiang Fa, only one was 。 trace, which was a pity. According to the family history of Chen Qingping written by Chen Zhongsen (a retired cadre of the Justice Bureau of Jiaozuo City, Henan Province) to the Zhaobao Tai Chi Association on September 9, 2000, it was proved that dulife the Anti-Japanre Warring wasJaved that during the -Ja His grandmother Chen Li (Chen Qingping's granddaughter-in-law) sold a batch of boxing manuals handed down by Chen Qingping to teacher Zhang Ruinan from the same village (now lost). These boxing manuals were not the long-cirents that could be sold at a high price to make a living. Among them must be the secret manuals of Jiang Fa mentioned by Du Yuanhua. The one that can be seen now is a discussion of "Taiji Boxing" in "Taiji Secret compiled Wang" compiled Wanging" in "Taiji Secret" compiled by Baiqing. It can be seen that Jiang Fa was in his middle and prime years.
He has made many contributions to the theory and skills of boxing.
In summary, Jiang Fa was famous and accomplished a lot in his middle and prime years. However, due to the lack of historical erialsiddle and prime years. However, due to the lack of historical erials. cannot be reflected. This section only describes part of it.
IV. Activities in his later years (from 1640 to the end of his life)
At the end of the Ming Dynasty, the political situation was corrupt, the people were living in poverty, and the ppleals . rebel. As a result, peasant uprisings arose one after another, with Li Zicheng and Zhang Xianzhong being the most prominent. In Henan, as in the rest of the country, peasants were forced to
Rebellion. Jiang Fa could not survive in the chaotic times, so he joined the peasant uprising team led by Li Jiyu in Dengfeng County and served as a general. It was between 1640 and 1643. Laa general.Fynas, Kaobengty the Kaarmies 1643。 , Luoyang and Xiangyang to besiege. Li Jiyu failed and died. Jiang Fa fled to another place and hid his name. It was not until the early Qing Dynasty that he drifted to Chenjiagou and was taken in by Changenting he drifted as a Fa had met once. Chen Wangting was friendly with Li Jiyu in Dengfeng and was ordered by the government to persuade Li Jiyu to surrender. When he went up the mountain, he fought with Jiang Fa once. Chen Xin recorded in "Chen Family Genealogy": "The Duke the once. of Dengfeng went to Ji Yu on good terms. Dengfeng was in chaos due to officials' oppression, with Ji Yu as the leader. The Duke stopped it. When he went up the mountain, arrows rained down from the mountain, but the Duke could not hurt him. He metsed him, but he could not catch up with him after three rounds of the imperial camp. When Li Ji Yu was defeated, there was a servant named Jiang who was the Duke's. He was the one he chased that day. He could chase a rabbit a hundred steps away and wasbox aling" Chen Wangting and Jiang Fa were originally enemies. Why did he take Jiang Fa in and support him in his later years? The reason may be that when they fought at Yudai Mountain where Li Ji Yu was, Chen Wangting felt that Jiang Fa's Tai Chi was mysterious and undic Wangting felt that Jiang Fa's Tai Chi was mysterious and undictabletable in cake him. boxing instructor for guarding the courtyard and also learn from him. It was beneficial to the Chen family, so Chen Wangting treated Jiang Fa as a servant and Jiang Ba Shi on the outside, and as a friend on the inside, in order to absorb Jiang Fa's knowledge.
Jiang Fa was old, in his seventies, with no one to rely on, so he had to spend his later years in Chenjiagou for the rest of his life.
The author has investigated the predecessors of Zhaobao about this period of history. Some said that Jiang Fa did not participate in Li Jiyu's rebellion, that Jiang Fa did not participate in Li Jiyu's rebellion, . his family was poor, he also worked at Chen Wangting's house. This is inconsistent with the records of Chenjiagou. Whether he went up the mountain to rebel or not must be clarified.
The research of this book adheres to the principle of emphasizing evidence over legend. Regarding the rebellion in the mountains, there is the following evidence: (1) The Genealogy of the Chen Family: Biography of Chen Wang records: "Whenting records: "When Jiyu failed, failed man named Jiang served him. He was the one who was chasing him that day. He could chase a rabbit a hundred steps away and was also good at boxing." Chen Xin's grandson Chen Shaodong wrote in Wulin magazine, issue 12, 1992, page 6, confirming "Thiman was page 1992, page 6, confir。 none other than Jiang Fa." (2) From 1928 to 1931, the people of Chengou Village praised Jiang Fa as Chen Wangyan's teacher, and added to Tang Hao's statement that Jiang Fa was a general under Li Jiyu.
The two statements 196. Baoshan of Xi'an wrote to Mr. Chen Bing of Chenjiagou Taijiquan School to inquire about Jiang Fa's situation and whether there was any inscription left. Mr. Chen Bing replied: "The only historical evidence about Jiang Fa is the portrait of Chideenting historical evidence about Jiang Fa is the portrait of Chideenting The wsaying in the that the wsayly is wsaying is wsayly is wsaying in vsayly or 書Jiang Fa was a general of Li Jiyou. When Li failed and was destroyed, Jiang took refuge with Chen Wangyan, and was a servant and friend at home, and was called Jiang Bashi outside. The "bashi" here refers to people who uch "wheel-drawn". When Wang Ting was painted in his old age, Jiang Fa said: After a hundred years, there will still be people to pay tribute to you, but I am the only son, who will pity my parents. Chen sighed that the fate was established by hisle the portrait was passed on. During the Republic of China period, Chen Zhengshu, the 17th generation descendant of Wang Ting, often went to Yanghaiwa to pay tribute to Jiang Fa. Because Jiang Fa had a common status in Wang Ting's family and was a person of differancet not have imagined that there would be an artificial gap in the origin of Tai Chi, involving Jiang Fa. Because there is no inscription in the history book, and Jiang Fa's age cannot be verified, it is only known that he and Chen Wang were contempen Wang yan were yan. Chenjiagou, sparsely populated, and accidents happen frequently. The villagers think it is a place of right and wrong, so after Jiang Fa's death, Wang Ting's descendants took him to the temple.
Buried here to suppress evil."
All the above materials unanimously say that Jiang Fa was a general under Li Jiyou. The senior villagers of Chengou respected Jiang Fa as the teacher of Chen Wangting and would not distort his his Btory. They can be bey . basically similar to that of his predecessors. However, the official and contemporary descendants of Chengou have accepted the lies of Tang and Gu. Chen has gained vanity. Chen Bing could not say that Jiang Fa was the teacher of Chen Wangting. Hechange on d. servant friend inside and Jiang Bashi outside". "Servant friend inside" is inappropriate. "Servant" and "friend" cannot coexist. It should be "servant friend inside and servant outside, called Jiang Bashi". Influenced by the views of Tang and Gu, Chen Bing added the word " before "friend" to adapt to the needs of the situation. From this, we can see that the so-called "servant" is a title that deceives the ears and eyes. In fact, they are teachers and friends, and they treat each other with courtesy.
Among the materials of Zobao, there there the materials of Zobso, there there the materials of obao, there there the materials of obao, there there the materials of obao, there there the materials of obao, there there the materials of obao, there there the materials of obao, there there the materials of obao, there there the materials of obao, there there the materials of obao, there there the materials of obao, there there the materials of obao, there there the materials of obao, there there the al. a genealogy table of the descendants of Huan Dahai given by Yang Bangtai, in which the biography of Jiang Fa also states that "when he encountered failure, he hid in Chengou and worked as a servant anonymously." The historical materials of the two factions are consist. Fa and Chen Wangting, which proves that "hid in Chengou and worked as a servant anonymously" is a fact.
As for whether Jiang Fa went up the mountain to rebel, there is no written evidence or witnesses to prove it, it is just a legangend ways lived at home and was helpless in his old age, his disciple Xing Xihuai, and then his disciple Zhang Chuchen, should have taken care of him in his old age and buried him in Zhaobao. This is in line with the traditional virtue of "once a teacher, a father for life".line with the traditional virtue of "once a teacher, a father for life".line with the traditional virtue of "once a teacher, a father for life".line with the traditional virtue of "once a teacher, a father for life".line with the traditional virtue of "once a teacher, a father for life". there is no legend that Xing Xihuai supported Jiang Fa. Jiang Fa was buried in Yanghaiwa, Chengou, which means that Xing Xihuai did not take care of him in his old age and see him to his death. This phenomenon does not mean. . In the old society, "the winner is the king and the loser is the bandit", and Jiang Fa was burdened with a heavy black pot. He did not want to implicate his disciples or affect the sect he founded, implicate his disciples or affect the sect he founded, so heal whis other places. This is the consequence of his rebellion in the mountains. In addition, in an era when people were living in poverty, Xing, Zhang and others also lived in poverty. Jiang Fa first went to Chengou and received the courtesy of Chen Wangting to support him for life,so there was no need to add
It was Jiang Fa's own will to add burden to his disciples, and it was not Xing Xihuai's fault. Future generations will forgive him.
In order to preserve the reputation of their faction, the predecessors of Zhaobao were unwilling to tell the truth and covered up the history of Jiang Fa's rebellion, which was passed down from generation to someeo . This is a legs .
Tople, " someeo s is ause peo . anonymous servant" as a handle to deny the achievements of Jiang Fa in the first half of his life. This is unfair and is a sectarian interference in history. The evaluation of histor.dres sectarian interference in history. The evaluation of historis phis phis life. the status of a certain period. Therefore, this article highly evaluates Jiang Fa's life and regards him as an outstanding Tai Chi master.
Jiang Fa
Jiang Fa lived in Chen Wangting's home, and in order to repay his kindness in supporting hims, supporting shim, gpal his eearns to gpaing shim, supporting 如何Tai Chi, and guided him to transform the Pao Chui headgear into the first set Chi, and also taught him the technique of double pushing hands, and dictated the "Song of Beating Hands" taught by Wang Zongyue. Because Chen Wangting was was nobled , was was nothethheth to become Jiang Fa's apprentice. Jiang Fa's teaching to thrage whoter from inside and outside, and he did not teach Tai Chi internal skills and "Wang Zongyue Boxing Manual". Therefore, the Tai Chi Kung Fu that Chen Wangting learned was still in the primore, the Tai Chi Kung Fu that Chen Wangting learned was still in the primary stage and could not be passed on to his children and grandwoations, forprand not be passed on to his children . However, it popularized the preliminary foundation of Tai Chi for the people of Chengou Village, and also played a certain role in the pursuit and revival of its descendants.
(PS: The certain role in the pursuit and revival of its descendants。 Chi and has no inheritance relationship with Zhaobao Tai Chi. The purpose of this article is to stand on an academic standpoint to eliminate the misleading of Tang and Guinal his his his appearance. It has no intention of supporting any particular school. I hope you will understand.)
1. The common founder of the six major sects
Jiang Fa is the successor of Wang Zongyue, the first generation master of Northern Tai Chi. He has made indelible contriions to the inheritance, & opment and Chivelu. . He is not only the founder of Zhaobso , under ancestor of the six modern schools (Zhaobao, Chen, Yang, Wu, Wu, and Sun). He is the second generation master of Northern Tai Chi.
。 Tai Chi. Wang Zongyue was 變disciple, reversing. know about Jiang Fa's life achievements. Restoring his reputation and achievements now will make people who were deceived by Tang and Gu feel surprised and difficult to understand for aile Tang and Gu feel surprised and difficult to understand for aile. Xam 但
196185-1999775 月. Tai Chi master, said in his book "A Brief Introduction to Tai Chi" in 1927: "After Sanfeng, the one who received his true teachings was Wang Zongyue from Shan. wrote many articles such as "Tai Chi Boxing Theory" and "Exination of Gongum" based on Sanfeng's legacy. His reasoning is exquisite and concise. What is handed down today is actually his theory." The "what is handed down today , namely Chen, Yang, Wu, Wu, and Sun, as well as the ancient Zhaobo. For example School Changan ancient his teachings to Yang Luchan, and Chen Qingping passed on his teachings to Wu Yuxiang, all of which were based onon Wang Zongs ond alboxs 票.
Therefore, the six major schools all acknowledged Wang Zongyue's achievements; the only ones who dinot ack Wang Zongyue's achievements; the only ones who dewid the ackage, fnown 和 Gr. successors. In the ancient times of secretmal smission, In the。 ") was a secret among secrets, and was not easily passed on to others. It was only passed on among successors and disciples. It was not as public as it is today, where anyone can copyboxit or can can copyboxit or buy s. and successors who possessed the "Wang Pu" were distant descendants or disciples of Wang Zongyue and Jiang Fa.
This is true for all six major schools. Why is Jiang Fa's name added here? Because Wang Zongyue's boxing manual and techniques were passed down by the only successor, Jiang Fa. Although Wangong yue Although 給from Zhengzhou), they were both lost. Without Jiang Fa's efforts to promote and develop it, "Wang's Manual" would have been lost and shelved. Therefore, Wang Zongyue's historical achieves also include Jiango include Jiang. -generation master of Northern Tai Chi. For details about the origin of the Northern School, please see the appendix of this article: "A Brief Table of the Origin of Northern Tai Chi".
2. Jiang Fa's Early Activities (1574-1605)
(I ) Study on the Year of Jiang Fa's Birth
Jiang Fa was born in Xiaoliu Village, a few miles east of Zhaobao Town, Wen County, Henan Province. He was born in the second year of the Wanli reign of the Ming Dynasty (1574 AD). This birth year was confirmed by several bches the Zever such as the He Zhaoyuan branch, the Zhang Yingchang branch, and the Ren Changchun branch) as the second year of the Wanli reign of the Ming Dynasty. This is evidence left in written records in the history of boxing. It is the first-hand material passed togene geneby Jiang toth toth material passed to geneby Jiang; Fa himself to his disciple Xing Xihuai, and there is no doubt about it. In the past, some people were skeptical because they believed in the false rumors of the pseudonymous "Chen Changxing Preface" (abbreviated as "Chenyfaces"). The henson for leuple the final the is that the "Chen Preface" was spread earlier and had already caused an impact between 1910 and 1920. The credible historical materials of Zhaobao began to appear in 1935 when Duconnhua published "The Aentic Taiions 對 Acc. know the truth before the "Chen Preface" that exposed the false rumors was published. Now, it is time to get rid of the false rumors and keep the truth.
Since the 20th century, rumors from outside have seriously interfered with Jiang Fa's era and historical facts. It is said that "Jiang Fa lived during the reign of Emperor Qianlong of the Qing Dynasty" and thaty during the reign of Emperor Qian長were written by many famous people, and there is a pseudonymous "Preface to Chen Changxing" which uses Chen Changxing's own tone to say that he "received instruction from Jiang Fa for twenty years", making itous btable, Instruction from Jiang Fa for twenty years", making itous bronin , fal, finin Chenjiagou, left a message in Chen's "Wenxiutang Boxing and Weapon Manual" when he was eighty years old (1928), and the people of Jie Village could no longer say that "Jiang Fa was the teacher of Chen Wangting". This was be live enk Ming Dynasty, and "Jiang Bashi" (referring to Jiang Fa) lived during the reign of Emperor Qianlong of the Qing Dynasty. People from different times cannot be teachers. In addition, another legend was spread in 1984, saying that when Wu Tuen in pened Ch Tunan said: "When Chen Changxing was middle-aged, he was practicing boxing with his sons, nephews and apprentices. Jiang Fa was watching and laughed. Chen Changxing went forward to chase him, but Jiang Fa turned 是down and begged to be his disciple. " can echo "Chen Xu" from a distance. There are three theories as evidence. However, the real information about Zhaobao Taijiquan was unknown before 1935. When famous masters from all over
the saying of wr bookcom "Qianlong" was widely spread. As the saying goes, "three people make a tiger", and many famous masters have repeatedly spread it for decades, which made the society believe it to be true. Later, Du Yuanhua's "Taijciety believe it to be true。 born in the second year of Wanli in 。
. The so-called "Chen Preface" was not written by Chen Changxing. There is no such preface passed down in Chenjiagou, nor in the Yang family. It was passed down by Li style Tai Chi. Chenjiagou does not recoize the saying by Li style Tai Chi. Chenjiagou does not recoize the saying that "Jiang the Faedenjiagou artpassed that "Jiang to enjiag . The generally recognized "Chen Family Genealogy" in Chengou wrote about Chen Changxing's master: "Changxing, the son of Bingwang, passed on all his father's knowledge." It was the skills passed down by his father, and his father Bingwang eived the Jixia
The "Wang Pu" obtained by Chen Changxing was passed down from Chen Jixia to Bingwang, and then to Changxing. There is also a joint statue of Jiang Fa and Chen Wangting in the ancestral hall of Chengou, which shows that Jich ang Fawas Ji, which ang Fa in the late Ming and early Qing dynasties. It is impossible for him to live to the Jiaqing era (1796-1820) and pass it on to Chen Changxing. The Zhaobao Taijiquan School passed by Jiang Fa does not recoize the saying that "Jiang Fa passed thatx" both local schools do not recognize it, the "Chen Xu" from other places is naturally invalid. The author personally went to Zhaobao to investigate in June 2001, and the locals unanimously believed that there was no "Qian Jiang Fa in long Jiang. "Qianlong" saying is untrue.
2. According to Chen Xin's previous statements, he also said that Jiang Fa lived in the late Ming and early Qing dynasties, and was a contemporary of Chen Wangting. However, in order to cover up the fact that "Jiang Fa to Chen Wangting", he lied in his later years that Jiang Fa lived during the Qianlong period, and signaled the villagers not to talk about Jiang Fa teaching Chen Wangting. The original texts of his previous statements are as follows:
(1) In Chen Xin's “Chen Wang Familygyengy” (written before 1919), it says: “Wang Ting and Li Jiyu, a military candidate from Dengfeng, were on good terms. Dengfeng was in turmoil due to the oppression of officials.
First. The public stopped him, and when he went up the mountm, up the rained ups up the the mountain, but he could not hurt him. He met an enemy, and he was unable to catch up with him after three rounds of defense. When he was defeated, a man named Jiang served him, who was the one he chased that day. He could chase a rabbitps and hundred ste steps also good at boxing. "The one named Jiang who served him" in the article refers to Jiang Fa. Chen Shaodong, grandson of Chen Xin, wrote an article in Wulin magazine, issue 12, 1992, page 6, confirming that "the 花 who served 1992, page 6, confirming that "the one who pserved him Jil. "
(2) Chen Xin wrote "Discrimination of Boxing" on the second day of the ninth lunar month in the 17th year of the Republic of China (1928) (quoted from the Appendix of "Japanese Taijiq Manual" compiled ual He compiled 27, page page ). The full text is as follows: "In the previous Ming Dynasty, a father and daughter came from Yunnan to Shanxi and lived in Xiaowang Village, Fenhe, Fenzhou Prefecture. They passed on their boxing skills to their son Wang. (Note: Wang Zongyue, whose. in Dongye Town, Yangcheng County, Shanxi Province, not Fenzhou Prefecture.) A Jiang surnamed Jiang from Wendong Liu Village (Xiaoliu Village) in Henan Province inherited his skills and was called Pu Well, this may be true, but it is not Who to say that Chen's uping that did Chen's boxing imitate? It is said that Taijiquan was created when Chen moved to the temperate zone. There were many people who practiced this boxing in later generations. For example, Wang Ting in the Ming Dynasty, Jing Bo and Ji Haoping in Qing D. were Xing Xi (Xi) Huai and Zhang Zongyu in Zhaobao Town, and later Chen Qingping and Niu Fahu were all famous masters. Chen Bixian did not know the reason and said that he learned it from Jiang, which is a big mistake。 from the pre-Ming Dynasty, not Qianlong.
(3) On September 23, 1988, Chen Xin left a message on the Wenxiutang Boxing and Weapon Manual, which reads: "Chen's boxing has been famous since the Yuan Dynasty。 Dynasty. He was not taught by Jiang (Jiang Fa). By the time of Chen Zouting (Wang Ting), there were countless masters before the Ming Dynasty. After Chen Zouting, there were also countless masters. In short, Chen Zouting was a Ming Dynashow person Jiang Bashi (the original text mistakenly wrote "Ba Shi", referring to Jiang Fa) who lived during the Qianlong period, say that "Chen's boxing was passed down (inherited) from Jiang". This statement is completely wrong, and Jiang did not claim to be not
. the two texts, it can be seen that within 20 days, Jiang Fa changed from a "pre-Ming" person to a "Qianlong" person. It can be seen that in order to bring glory to the Chen family, Chen Xin did not hesitate to make up lies to cover up the historical fact that "Jiang Fa taught Chen Wangting boxing". Therefore, the villagers did not listen at all. When Tang Hao visited in 1931, the villagers still said that "Jiang Fa was Chen Wangting's teacher", which shows that the "Qianlong" statement is not enough.
As for the legend spread in 1984, it is said that when Wu Tunan visited Chenjiagou in 1917, Chen Xin told Wu: "Chen Changxing, a member of the Chen clan, led his sons, nephebox and appterice member of the Chen clan, led his sons, nephebox and appterices on. the autumn harvest one year. At this time, a man came to watch. When he saw the excitement, he laughed out loud. He knew that he was being rude and turned around and ran away. Chen Changxing chased him fierce that him fier , he stretched out his hand and grabbed the man's shoulder. The man turned around suddenly and Chen fell out and fell to the ground. Chen Changxing got up and wanted to become his apprentice. This person was Master Jiang Fa, who opened a tofushop in Xrentice. This person was Master Jiang Fa, who opened a tofushop in Xrenti' on his way back to Henan to visit his mother and passed by here." This legend is also believable. However, Chen Xin's consistent guiding ideology contradicts this. Chen Xin wanted to bring glory to the ancestors of the Chen family, and he denied the bring glory f that "Ji 使用, that historbox, that the histor. ". Therefore, he would never make up a lie and admit that Chen Changxing's boxing was taught by Jiang Fa, a person of another surname. This would also damage the honor of the ancestors of the Chen family. Whether Chen Xin madesmed remark scan iat withr notcan made secondary evidence.
From this examination, we can conclude that Jiang was born in the second year of the Wanli period of the Ming Dynasty (1574 AD), which is the birth year passed down by Jiang Fa to his disciple his birth year passed down by Jiang Fa to his disciple hisihuate, and reacc
(II) Jiang Fa's apprenticeship, acceptance of disciples, and establishment of his school
When Jiang Fa was young, he liked martial arts and practiced external boxing. When he was 22 years old (1596), he was practicing boxing with young people in Zhaob Street. He hamened to mhuazia aontung people in Zhaob Street. He hamened shuman, He hanga ihion. He hangened jung people in Zhaob Street。 Yangcheng County, Shanxi Province, and his entourage. They were going to Zhengzhou to check their business and stayed in Zhaobao before crossing the Yellow River. They were also watching the young man practicing was was found that was wasound that wasial man practicing was was found that wasial found suitable for training. Moved by Jiang Fa's s. of Tai Chi internal strength, techniques and boxing theory, but also comprehensively trained in literary talent, Tai Chi philosophy and martial arts ethics, becoming the second-genei master of the Northernration was was a ple yial wasterary . 1603), he returned home after completing his apprenticeship. Wang Zongyue said, "When you return home, this art cannot be passed on carelessly. It's not that I won't pass it on to you, butlessly. It's not that I won thet pass it on to you, but I won to pass pass it person. If I find the right person, I will teach him everything. If I don't pass it on to the right person, it will be like having no descendants. It's better to pass it on to many people." Jiang Fa followed his teacher's order and looked for pple . In the second year of Yue (1605), he accepted Xing Xihuai from Zhaobao Street as his apprentice. There were successors from generation to generation, forming the ancient school of Zhaobao Tai Chi. Because Jiang Fa was from Zhaobao, he was the first gene was the fircao was from Zhaobao, he was the first gene was the first passed to the fourth generation head, Chen Jingbai, it was introduced to Chenjiagou, and Chen-style Tai Chi officially rose in the Qianlong era.
Therefore, the three schools of Chen, Yang and Wu all belong to the inheritance of Jiang Fa - X 6ihuang and Wu all belong to the inheritance of Jiang Fa - Xxihuang - Chen Jingbai. The predecessor Li Yishe said in the "Preface to Taijiquan" of "Five-Character Formula": "I don't know who started Taijiquan? Its subtlety and ingenuity are explained in detail by Wang Zongyue! Later, it was introduced to the Chen family in Chenjiagou, Henan. There are only a few people who are wise and enlightened in each generation." The introduction of "Wang Pu" to Chenjiagou is an indirect inheritance of Jiang Fa, which is undeniable.
Zhaobao Tai Chi was passed down to the seventh generation headmaster Chen Qingping, who recruited many disciples and passed it on to Wu Yuxiang, who then derived Wu Style Tai Chi, and then derived Sun leancet. all be traced back to Jiang Fa. Therefore, he is also the second generation master of Northern Tai Chi.
This historical fact exposes the fallacy of Gu Liuxin's claim that "the origin of Tai Chi in the world is Chengou". The are two key (1) Chengou's boxing skills and boxing manual were created by Chen Jingbai, the third-generation disciple of Jiang Fa. (
2) The Wu and Sun sects originated from the seventh generation leader of Zhaobao, Chen Qingping, and have nothing to do with Chenjiagou。
and prime years
(1605-1640) The middle-aged and prime years are the golden age of a person's career. This is also true for Jiang Fa's contribution. However, there are few records in the history of Zhaobao style boxing. We can on few records in the history of Zhaobao style boxing。 brief summary.
During these 35 years, Jiang Fa trained his disciple Xing Xihuai, who has become a successful successor. Xing also accepted his sworn brother Zhang Chuchen as his disciple. In terms of the growth and consolidation of the school,a laal the the burden of promoting the cause of Tai Chi.
Jiang Fa focused on the research and innovation of boxing theory, and his main achievements include:
1. In order to boxularize Wang Zongyue's boxing manual, he wrote 37 boxpoping exations, whiched theory. Later, Wu Jianquan named this set of boxing explanations "Tai Chi Fa Shuo" and his son Wu Gong
Zao published it in his 1935 book “Taijiquan Lecture Notes”. Yang Zhenji also published the copy kept by Chen and Yi fept by Chen and fso published the copy kept by Chen and per fept by Chen and fso published the copy kept by Chen and per fept by Chen and fso published the copy kept by Chen and per fept by Chen and feptix of Yang Chengfu Style Taijiquan” in 1992 for the public to share. Modern boxers treasure this manual very much, and it can be matched with Wang Zongyue's ancient manual to make it more brilliant.
2. The ancient name of ing, "Thirteen Postcainguan, "Thirtname reures", ancient" In Wang Zongyue's series of boxing theories, there is no name of "Taijiquan", which are collectively referred to as "Thirteen Postures". In the 37 boxing explanations written by Jiang Fa, there is no name of "Taijiquan", but the is "Taiji" very frequently, such as "Taiji Circle", "Taiji Advance and Retreat", "Taiji Up and Down Name Heaven and Earth", "Taiji Body and Use Explanation", "Taiji Civil and Martial Explanation", "Taiji Understanding Strength Explanation", "Human Body Taiji Explanation","Taiji Divided into Three Forms of Civil and Martial Arts Explanation", "Taiji Zhenggong Explanation", "Big and Small Taiji" and so on.
Explanation of the "Thirteen Postures" boxing theory is guided by the Tai Chi theory. Using "Tai Chi" as the name of the boxing reflects its philosophy, which is more appropriate than naming the techniques "Eight Gates" and "Five Steps". Changing the name is the general trend. Jiang Fa said in "Explanation of Big and Small Tai Chi": "The world is a big Tai Chi, and the human body is a small Tai Chi. The human body is the body of Tai Chi, and it is necessary to practice Tai Chi boxing ." "Tai Chi boxing" is used here instead of "Tai Chi boxing", which means it is on the eve of changing its name to "Tai Chi boxing". The last sentence of the book says: "This does not use turbid force and is purely divine, and the effect is remarkable!
The master said and "Extremely soft and" then extremely hard." This is what he meant. "Here, Wang Zongyue's famous sentence "Extremely soft and then extremely hard" is quoted, and Wang Zongyue is called "the master", so it can be known that the author is undoubtedly Jiang. third and fourth Sanfeng boxing secrets in "Wang Pu" and promoted them as the title "Taijiquan Theory", added the three words "This is the theory" at the end of the text, and attached a hundred chapters to the text saying: "This theory is veryvery important, and the word Kaiyuan is a foil. People who are not born with wisdom cannot understand it. The master was unwilling to pass it on casually, not only to select people, but also to fear that the effort would be wasted." This is the true portal，that the effort would be
。 . He created the Zhaobao Secret Boxing Manual, "General Song and Interpretation of the Body and Use" and "Diagram of the Origin of the Thirteen Forms of Taijiquan". (For these two manuals, please refer to the book "Study and Analysis of Du Yuanhua's "The Authentic Taijiquan book "Study and Analysis of Du Yuanhua's "The Authentic Taijiquan""" -authored by Wang Haizhou and Yan Hanxiu, pages 163-164 and 167) The manual notes "naming the thirteen forms", "this is the real secret", "never underestimate it", etc., which is the secret of the secrets of the Zhaobao School. It is the result of Jiangvel Fa's secrets of the Zhaobao School. It is the result of Jiangvel creative of Jiangative of Wang Zongyue's boxing theory.
When Du Yuanhua publicly taught this secret art at the Henan Provincial Martial Arts Museum, the museum dir？ hope of learning their secrets. Unexpectedly, I have now obtained the secret Tai Chi Boxing Explanation of Thirteen Types written by Mr. Du Yuwan (Yuanhua). Now that I am a fellow enthusiast,I feel that Tai Chi Boxing lives up to its name." It can be seen that Jiang Fa made outstanding contributions in theory.
4. Jiang Fa was the first to transform the single-style exercise of "Thirteen Postures" Changquan into a fixed Tai Chi boxing routine by repeating it over and over again: In Wang Zongyue's era, "Thirteen Postures" (ChChangquanave a routine.
In Jiang Fa's early work "Explanation of Fifty-three Postures of Changquan", he said: "Practice hard, one posture and one form at a time. After mastering them, combine them into a long one, continuously and over and over again, so one, continuously and over and over again. Changquan. You must not have a fixed posture, for fear that after a long time you will become a slippery fist, or you may become a hard fist." This shows that Jiang Fa did not have the idea of creating a routine in the early s did not have the idea of creating a routine in the early stage.
In Ans: book Tai 1930, Chen Weiming wrote: "I heard that Tai Chi was previously practiced in separate forms without continuity. It would be better to start from now on and connect the separate forms into one.
In my humble opinion, it proly started with Mr. Wang. Wang Zongyue, bem humble oai it proibabn Lun" 有 various titles, which are connected as one. Therefore, Mr. Zongyue's contribution to Tai Chi Quan is extremely great. If it had not been connected as one, it would have been lost long ago."
From this, it can uan would have been lost long ago." From , 學術Lun" was given by Jiang Fa, and the various names attached to it must have been after the publication of "Taijiquan Lun", and were not created by Wang Zongyue. When Jiang Fa entered Chengou in his later years, he helped Chen Wangting the firstand the first the first the first the first round of Chen style Taijiquan routines, and also created the "Gui Chezan" routine for Kaifeng Puji Temple. The creator of the earliest Taijiquan routines should be Jiang Fa.
5. He created a set of "ghost-chezan" boxing for Kaifeng Puji Temple. According to the xiartic' "ghost-chezan"" published by Chen Xudong in the November 1988 issue of "Wulin" magazine, "Shanxi Dingxiang County
The "ghostly" boxing technique is said to have been created by Jiang Fa, a boxer from Henan. During the reign of Emperor Kangxi of the Qyiing Dangxi of the Qhung, ,t.來自 Xiaowang Village, Dingxiang County, was sentenced to three years of exile in Kaifeng Prefecture because his uncle Lao Er accidentally killed someone. In order to repay his uncle's kindness in raising him, Song Benyi escorted his uncle to Kaifengturn to Kaifeng home his term expired. Song Benyi settled in Kaifeng Puji Temple.
One night, he saw monks practicing together and liked it very much. After several twists and turns, he finally learned the secret "ghost-chetting" Shanxi."The time and space described in this article are similar to Jiang Fa's time and region, which is more in line with historical facts.
6. Jiang Fa also has some lost boxing manuals waiting to be excavated. According to the note at the end of Du Yuanhua's "Dajiquan Zhengzong", "Master Jiang's Taijiq Zhengzong has eightong an has eighty . Master Ren (Ren Changchun). The general diagram and the diagrams of the thirteen techniques he drew in his lifetime are only seen twice. He drew it once with my senior brother Chen Sidian. Chen has
密碼drawings besides this one. My brother Liu Yingxian asked me to make it public and share it with fellow enthusiasts. Now I will print one volume first, and the rest are being compiled. "(Seal of "Yu Wan") From this, we can see that. volumes handed down by Jiang Fa, only one was 。 trace, which was a pity. According to the family history of Chen Qingping written by Chen Zhongsen (a retired cadre of the Justice Bureau of Jiaozuo City, Henan Province) to the Zhaobao Tai Chi Association on September 9, 2000, it was proved that dulife the Anti-Japanre Warring wasJaved that during the -Ja His grandmother Chen Li (Chen Qingping's granddaughter-in-law) sold a batch of boxing manuals handed down by Chen Qingping to teacher Zhang Ruinan from the same village (now lost). These boxing manuals were not the long-cirents that could be sold at a high price to make a living. Among them must be the secret manuals of Jiang Fa mentioned by Du Yuanhua. The one that can be seen now is a discussion of "Taiji Boxing" in "Taiji Secret compiled Wang" compiled Wanging" in "Taiji Secret" compiled by Baiqing. It can be seen that Jiang Fa was in his middle and prime years.
He has made many contributions to the theory and skills of boxing.
In summary, Jiang Fa was famous and accomplished a lot in his middle and prime years. However, due to the lack of historical erialsiddle and prime years. However, due to the lack of historical erials. cannot be reflected. This section only describes part of it.
IV. Activities in his later years (from 1640 to the end of his life)
At the end of the Ming Dynasty, the political situation was corrupt, the people were living in poverty, and the ppleals . rebel. As a result, peasant uprisings arose one after another, with Li Zicheng and Zhang Xianzhong being the most prominent. In Henan, as in the rest of the country, peasants were forced to
Rebellion. Jiang Fa could not survive in the chaotic times, so he joined the peasant uprising team led by Li Jiyu in Dengfeng County and served as a general. It was between 1640 and 1643. Laa general.Fynas, Kaobengty the Kaarmies 1643。 , Luoyang and Xiangyang to besiege. Li Jiyu failed and died. Jiang Fa fled to another place and hid his name. It was not until the early Qing Dynasty that he drifted to Chenjiagou and was taken in by Changenting he drifted as a Fa had met once. Chen Wangting was friendly with Li Jiyu in Dengfeng and was ordered by the government to persuade Li Jiyu to surrender. When he went up the mountain, he fought with Jiang Fa once. Chen Xin recorded in "Chen Family Genealogy": "The Duke the once. of Dengfeng went to Ji Yu on good terms. Dengfeng was in chaos due to officials' oppression, with Ji Yu as the leader. The Duke stopped it. When he went up the mountain, arrows rained down from the mountain, but the Duke could not hurt him. He metsed him, but he could not catch up with him after three rounds of the imperial camp. When Li Ji Yu was defeated, there was a servant named Jiang who was the Duke's. He was the one he chased that day. He could chase a rabbit a hundred steps away and wasbox aling" Chen Wangting and Jiang Fa were originally enemies. Why did he take Jiang Fa in and support him in his later years? The reason may be that when they fought at Yudai Mountain where Li Ji Yu was, Chen Wangting felt that Jiang Fa's Tai Chi was mysterious and undic Wangting felt that Jiang Fa's Tai Chi was mysterious and undictabletable in cake him. boxing instructor for guarding the courtyard and also learn from him. It was beneficial to the Chen family, so Chen Wangting treated Jiang Fa as a servant and Jiang Ba Shi on the outside, and as a friend on the inside, in order to absorb Jiang Fa's knowledge.
Jiang Fa was old, in his seventies, with no one to rely on, so he had to spend his later years in Chenjiagou for the rest of his life.
The author has investigated the predecessors of Zhaobao about this period of history. Some said that Jiang Fa did not participate in Li Jiyu's rebellion, that Jiang Fa did not participate in Li Jiyu's rebellion, . his family was poor, he also worked at Chen Wangting's house. This is inconsistent with the records of Chenjiagou. Whether he went up the mountain to rebel or not must be clarified.
The research of this book adheres to the principle of emphasizing evidence over legend. Regarding the rebellion in the mountains, there is the following evidence: (1) The Genealogy of the Chen Family: Biography of Chen Wang records: "Whenting records: "When Jiyu failed, failed man named Jiang served him. He was the one who was chasing him that day. He could chase a rabbit a hundred steps away and was also good at boxing." Chen Xin's grandson Chen Shaodong wrote in Wulin magazine, issue 12, 1992, page 6, confirming "Thiman was page 1992, page 6, confir。 none other than Jiang Fa." (2) From 1928 to 1931, the people of Chengou Village praised Jiang Fa as Chen Wangyan's teacher, and added to Tang Hao's statement that Jiang Fa was a general under Li Jiyu.
The two statements 196. Baoshan of Xi'an wrote to Mr. Chen Bing of Chenjiagou Taijiquan School to inquire about Jiang Fa's situation and whether there was any inscription left. Mr. Chen Bing replied: "The only historical evidence about Jiang Fa is the portrait of Chideenting historical evidence about Jiang Fa is the portrait of Chideenting The wsaying in the that the wsayly is wsaying is wsayly is wsaying in vsayly or 書Jiang Fa was a general of Li Jiyou. When Li failed and was destroyed, Jiang took refuge with Chen Wangyan, and was a servant and friend at home, and was called Jiang Bashi outside. The "bashi" here refers to people who uch "wheel-drawn". When Wang Ting was painted in his old age, Jiang Fa said: After a hundred years, there will still be people to pay tribute to you, but I am the only son, who will pity my parents. Chen sighed that the fate was established by hisle the portrait was passed on. During the Republic of China period, Chen Zhengshu, the 17th generation descendant of Wang Ting, often went to Yanghaiwa to pay tribute to Jiang Fa. Because Jiang Fa had a common status in Wang Ting's family and was a person of differancet not have imagined that there would be an artificial gap in the origin of Tai Chi, involving Jiang Fa. Because there is no inscription in the history book, and Jiang Fa's age cannot be verified, it is only known that he and Chen Wang were contempen Wang yan were yan. Chenjiagou, sparsely populated, and accidents happen frequently. The villagers think it is a place of right and wrong, so after Jiang Fa's death, Wang Ting's descendants took him to the temple.
Buried here to suppress evil."
All the above materials unanimously say that Jiang Fa was a general under Li Jiyou. The senior villagers of Chengou respected Jiang Fa as the teacher of Chen Wangting and would not distort his his Btory. They can be bey . basically similar to that of his predecessors. However, the official and contemporary descendants of Chengou have accepted the lies of Tang and Gu. Chen has gained vanity. Chen Bing could not say that Jiang Fa was the teacher of Chen Wangting. Hechange on d. servant friend inside and Jiang Bashi outside". "Servant friend inside" is inappropriate. "Servant" and "friend" cannot coexist. It should be "servant friend inside and servant outside, called Jiang Bashi". Influenced by the views of Tang and Gu, Chen Bing added the word " before "friend" to adapt to the needs of the situation. From this, we can see that the so-called "servant" is a title that deceives the ears and eyes. In fact, they are teachers and friends, and they treat each other with courtesy.
Among the materials of Zobao, there there the materials of Zobso, there there the materials of obao, there there the materials of obao, there there the materials of obao, there there the materials of obao, there there the materials of obao, there there the materials of obao, there there the materials of obao, there there the materials of obao, there there the materials of obao, there there the materials of obao, there there the materials of obao, there there the materials of obao, there there the al. a genealogy table of the descendants of Huan Dahai given by Yang Bangtai, in which the biography of Jiang Fa also states that "when he encountered failure, he hid in Chengou and worked as a servant anonymously." The historical materials of the two factions are consist. Fa and Chen Wangting, which proves that "hid in Chengou and worked as a servant anonymously" is a fact.
As for whether Jiang Fa went up the mountain to rebel, there is no written evidence or witnesses to prove it, it is just a legangend ways lived at home and was helpless in his old age, his disciple Xing Xihuai, and then his disciple Zhang Chuchen, should have taken care of him in his old age and buried him in Zhaobao. This is in line with the traditional virtue of "once a teacher, a father for life".line with the traditional virtue of "once a teacher, a father for life".line with the traditional virtue of "once a teacher, a father for life".line with the traditional virtue of "once a teacher, a father for life".line with the traditional virtue of "once a teacher, a father for life". there is no legend that Xing Xihuai supported Jiang Fa. Jiang Fa was buried in Yanghaiwa, Chengou, which means that Xing Xihuai did not take care of him in his old age and see him to his death. This phenomenon does not mean. . In the old society, "the winner is the king and the loser is the bandit", and Jiang Fa was burdened with a heavy black pot. He did not want to implicate his disciples or affect the sect he founded, implicate his disciples or affect the sect he founded, so heal whis other places. This is the consequence of his rebellion in the mountains. In addition, in an era when people were living in poverty, Xing, Zhang and others also lived in poverty. Jiang Fa first went to Chengou and received the courtesy of Chen Wangting to support him for life,so there was no need to add
It was Jiang Fa's own will to add burden to his disciples, and it was not Xing Xihuai's fault. Future generations will forgive him.
In order to preserve the reputation of their faction, the predecessors of Zhaobao were unwilling to tell the truth and covered up the history of Jiang Fa's rebellion, which was passed down from generation to someeo . This is a legs .
Tople, " someeo s is ause peo . anonymous servant" as a handle to deny the achievements of Jiang Fa in the first half of his life. This is unfair and is a sectarian interference in history. The evaluation of histor.dres sectarian interference in history. The evaluation of historis phis phis life. the status of a certain period. Therefore, this article highly evaluates Jiang Fa's life and regards him as an outstanding Tai Chi master.
Jiang Fa
Jiang Fa lived in Chen Wangting's home, and in order to repay his kindness in supporting hims, supporting shim, gpal his eearns to gpaing shim, supporting 如何Tai Chi, and guided him to transform the Pao Chui headgear into the first set Chi, and also taught him the technique of double pushing hands, and dictated the "Song of Beating Hands" taught by Wang Zongyue. Because Chen Wangting was was nobled , was was nothethheth to become Jiang Fa's apprentice. Jiang Fa's teaching to thrage whoter from inside and outside, and he did not teach Tai Chi internal skills and "Wang Zongyue Boxing Manual". Therefore, the Tai Chi Kung Fu that Chen Wangting learned was still in the primore, the Tai Chi Kung Fu that Chen Wangting learned was still in the primary stage and could not be passed on to his children and grandwoations, forprand not be passed on to his children . However, it popularized the preliminary foundation of Tai Chi for the people of Chengou Village, and also played a certain role in the pursuit and revival of its descendants.
(PS: The certain role in the pursuit and revival of its descendants。 Chi and has no inheritance relationship with Zhaobao Tai Chi. The purpose of this article is to stand on an academic standpoint to eliminate the misleading of Tang and Guinal his his his appearance. It has no intention of supporting any particular school. I hope you will understand.)
北派太極第二代宗師蔣發生平考
(作者：歐陽學忠)
一、六大派的共同祖師
蔣發，是北派太極第一代宗師王宗岳的衣缽傳人，對太極拳事業的承前啟後、發揚光大，以及理論的發展，具有不可磨滅的功績。他不僅是趙堡太極拳派的創始人，也是現代六大派(趙堡、陳、楊、武、吳、孫)的共同祖師，是北派太極的第二代宗師。
這個提法，也許有些人不理解或不同意。因為唐豪、顧留馨為了樹立清初陳王廷為太極拳創始人，把明代的傑出先驅王宗岳、蔣發完全否定或貶低了。王宗岳則改為清乾隆時人晚於陳王廷；蔣發則完全否定，突出地宣傳他是陳王廷的僕人和弟子，顛倒了師生關係。故後人鮮知蔣發一生的功績。現在恢復其名譽和功績，會使受唐、顧蒙蔽的人感到突然，一時難以理解。
吳式太極名家徐致一(1892-1968年)在1927年著《太極拳淺說》中說得很中肯：「三豐之後，得其真傳者，始以山右王宗岳見稱。王氏述三豐遺論，著《太極拳論》、《功心解》等多篇，說理精妙，言簡而賅，今所流傳者，實宗其說。楊、吳、武、孫五派和古老的趙堡派。例如，陳長興傳楊祿禪，陳清平傳武禹襄，都是以王宗岳的拳譜和拳技授受。
故六大派都承認王宗岳的功績；不承認者，僅唐、顧及其少數擁有權勢的後繼者。古秘傳時代，王宗岳拳譜(簡稱「王譜」)是秘中之秘，不輕易授人，僅在衣缽傳人、入室弟子中傳承。不像今天那麼公開，任何人都可以抄出或購買。因此，古之拳師、傳人，凡是擁有「王譜」者，均是王宗岳、蔣發的遠代傳人或門人。
六大派無不如此，為什麼此處加上蔣發的名字呢?因為王宗岳拳譜及技法是依靠唯一傳人蔣發傳下的。王宗岳雖另有兩個弟子(獨生女與鄭州孫某)，但都失傳了。若無蔣發的努力弘揚發展，「王譜」也會失傳而束之高閣。因此，王宗岳的歷史功績，也包含有蔣發的功勞在內。把蔣發尊為北派太極第二代宗師，當之無愧。有關北派源流，詳見本文附錄：《北派太極拳源流簡表》。
二、蔣發的早期活動(1574--1605年)
(一)蔣發出生年代考
蔣發，河南省溫縣趙堡鎮之東數裡的小留村人。出生於朋萬曆二年（西元1574年)。這個出生年份，在趙堡一派內的幾個分支(如和兆元一支、張應昌一支、任長春一支)，均-致確認是出生於明萬曆二年。這是拳史中有文字記載留下的證據，是蔣發本人對弟子邢喜懷傳述而世代傳下的第一手材料，無可懷疑。過去有人持懷疑態度，是因為相信託名的《陳長興序》(簡稱「陳序」)之訌傳。信訌不信真的原因，是因「陳序」傳出較早，在1910至1920年已造成影響，趙堡的可信史料，是從1935年由杜元化發表《太極拳正宗》才開始問世。按先入為主的印象，在未有揭穿訥誤的「陳序」以前，世人是難以認識真相的。現在，應是去訥存真的時候了。
二十世紀以來，外地的訥傳，嚴重干擾了蔣發的時代與史實。蔣發親傳陳長興這些蔣發是清乾隆時人”，並說“蔣發親傳陳長興這些訥傳，出自諸多名家之筆，並且有一份託名的《陳長興序》，以陳長興自述的口氣，說他“得蔣發傳授二十年”，使人相信。此外，還有陳家溝名人陳鑫在八十歲時(1928年)留言於陳氏“文修堂拳械譜”中，戒村人不能再說“蔣發是陳王廷之師” 。年訪問陳家溝時，陳鑫、吳圖南說：「陳長興在中年時，帶子侄徒弟練拳時，蔣發在旁觀看，哈哈一笑，陳長興上前追趕，被蔣發一回身，摔倒在地，陳即跪求拜師。 」與「陳序」可以遙相呼應，有此三說為據，而趙堡太極拳的真實信息，在1935年以前，無人知曉。各地名家著書時，競
相引用「乾隆」之說，廣為傳播。言語曰：“三人成虎”，數十年來諸多名家的反覆傳播，竟使社會信以為真，對後來杜元化《太極拳正宗》所出的“蔣發生於明萬曆二年”，反認為訥誤，或者看作是太極拳上有兩個「蔣發」。
筆者對此反覆驗證，確認所謂“乾隆蔣發”，實無其人。因為：
1.所謂「陳序」不是陳長興所寫，在陳家溝沒有此序傳下，楊氏也沒有傳下，而是於李派太極傳出。陳家溝不承認“蔣發傳陳長興”之說，在陳溝公認的《陳氏家乘》對陳長興的師承寫道：“秉旺子長興，盡傳其父學”，是父傳之技，其父秉旺則受陳繼夏之傳。
陳長興所獲的'王譜”，就是由陳繼夏傳秉旺，再傳長興的。又在陳溝的宗祠有蔣發與陳王廷的共像，說明蔣發是明末清初人，不可能活到嘉慶年代(1796-1820年)而傳陳長興。極拳派，也不承認「蔣發傳陳長興」之說。趙堡沒有「乾隆蔣發」其人。
2.查陳鑫歷年言論，也說蔣發為明末清初人，與陳王廷同時代，但晚年為了掩蓋「蔣發傳拳陳王廷」之史實，謊說蔣發是乾隆時人，示意村人不得再言蔣發傳陳之事，其歷次原文如下：
(1)在陳鑫執筆的《陳氏家乘·陳王廷傳》(1919年以前寫)內雲:「公(王廷)與登封武舉李際遇善。登封因官逼民亂，以際遇為
首。公止之，上山時，山上亂箭如雨，不能傷公。遇一敵手，三週禦寨未及。際遇事敗，有蔣姓僕於公，即當日所追者，其人能百步趕兔亦善拳者也。 」文中的「蔣姓於公者」指蔣發。陳鑫之孫陳紹棟於《武林》雜誌1992年第12期第6頁著文確認：「這一位僕於公者，不是別人，正是蔣發。 」
(2)陳鑫在民國十七年(1928年)農曆九月二日寫《辨拳論》(引自和有祿編著《和式太極拳譜·附錄》第271頁)全文如下:“前明有父女從雲南至山西，住汾州府汾河小王莊，將拳棒傳子王氏。小留村)蔣姓得其傳，人稱僕夫，此事容或有之至言陳氏拳法，得於蔣氏非也。如明之奏庭(王廷)，清之敬柏、季好平不可勝數。承認，蔣發為前明人，不是乾隆人。
(3)陳鑫在民國十七年九月二十三日，在文修堂拳械譜上的留言，內雲：「陳氏之拳，元朝已有大名，我始祖(陳卜)在明初即有大名。 ，陳奏庭以後，成乎亦不可勝數。氏之拳傳（得)於蔣氏」。此言大為背謬，且蔣氏實不稱與陳奏庭當老夫子。
從兩篇文字看，相距二十天，蔣發便由「前明」人，變成「乾隆」人。可見，陳鑫為了為陳氏增光，不惜編造假話，以掩蓋「蔣發傳拳陳王廷」的史實。因此，村人根本不聽。 1931年唐豪來訪時，村人仍說“蔣發為陳王廷之師”，足見“乾隆”一說，不足為據。
至于1984的年传出的传说，说1917年吴图南访问陈家沟时，陈鑫对吴说：“陈氏族人陈长兴，有一年秋收后，率子侄、徒弟在场上练拳，这时来了一个人观看，看到热闹时，失声一笑，他自知失礼转身急走，陈长兴在后猛追，眼看赶上，伸手在那人肩头一抓，那人猛一回头，陈就跌出去摔倒在地。陈长兴爬起来，就要拜师。此人就是在西安开豆腐坊的蒋发师傅，回河南探母，路经此地。”此传说也使人相信。但查陈鑫一贯的指导思想，与此相矛盾，陈鑫既要为陈氏祖宗增光，对“蒋发传拳陈王廷”的史实，尚矢口否认。因此，他决不会自己编造谎言，承认陈长兴之拳为外姓人蒋发所传。这也同样有损陈氏祖宗之荣誉。1917年陈鑫是否有此言论，无第二份旁证可以印证，不能确认。
由此检验，可以得出结论：蒋发生于明万历二年（公元1574年），这是蒋发对弟子邢喜怀传下的生年，确凿可靠。
(二)蒋发拜师、收徒、建派
蒋发少时喜武，习外家拳。二十二岁时(1596年)在赵堡街与青少年共同练拳，适遇山西省阳城县小王庄的太极宗师王宗岳一行二人，因赴郑州检查生意，在渡黄河前投宿赵堡，也在观看少年的练拳。发现蒋发的习武资质良好，适于培养，在蒋发恳求拜师之真诚感动下，允收为徒，带回阳城县小王庄家中长期培养。经过七年的倾囊而授，不仅在太极内功、技法拳理方面得真传，也在文才、太极哲理和武德等方面，全面培养，成为文武全才的北派第二代宗师。二十九岁<1603年)满师归里。王宗岳瞩曰：“汝归家，此术不可妄传。并非教汝不传，是不得其人不传，果得其人，必尽情教之。若得人不传，犹如绝嗣，能广传更好。”蒋发遵师命，物色人选，弘扬其术。阅二年(1605年)，收赵堡街的邢喜怀为徒。代有传人，形成了赵堡太极拳这一古老的门派。因为蒋发是赵堡人，所以就是赵堡太极拳的第一代掌门。又因传到第四代掌门陈敬柏时，此术传入陈家沟，陈式太极拳在乾隆时代正式兴起。所
以，陈、杨、吴三派均属于蒋发-—邢喜怀-—张楚臣——陈敬柏的传承。前人李亦畲在《五字诀》的《太极拳小序》中早已说出：“太极拳不知始自何人?其精微巧妙，王宗岳论详且尽矣!后传入河南陈家沟陈姓，神而明者，代不数人。”“王谱”之传入陈家沟，也就是蒋发的间接传承，无可否认。
赵堡太极拳传至第七代掌门陈清平，广收门徒，传武禹襄便衍生出武式太极拳，再衍生出孙式太极拳。六大派之远祖均可追溯到蒋发。因此，他亦是北派太极的第二代宗师。
这一史实，揭穿了顾留馨宣扬的“天下太极出陈沟”的谬论。关键有二：（1）陈沟的拳技、拳谱，是蒋发的三传弟子陈敬柏所
授；（2）武、孙两派源出赵堡第七代掌门陈清平所授，与陈家沟无关。
三、中、壮年时代的活动与功绩
(1605-1640年)中年、壮年时代，是一个人在事业上最辉煌的黄金时代。对蒋发的贡献来说，亦应如此。但在赵堡派的拳史中，记载甚少。只能依靠现存的古谱分析，作一鳞半爪的整理。
在这35年中，蒋发培养弟子邢喜怀，已经成才接班。邢又收盟弟张楚臣为徒。在门派的成长、巩固方面，打好了基础，弟子们分担了弘扬太极事业的重担。
蒋发的重点，放在拳理的研究、创新方面，主要业绩有：
1、为普及王宗岳拳谱，撰写了三十七篇拳解，深入阐发太极拳理，后人吴鉴泉将此套拳解，名之为《太极法说》，其子吴公
藻在1935年著《太极拳讲义》中已公之于世。杨振基也：陈杨家所存的抄本，于1992年在《杨澄甫式太极拳》一书的附录中全文刊出，供世人共享。现代之拳家，对此谱甚为珍视，可与王宗岳古谱匹配而生辉。
2、将古之拳名“十三势”，更名为“太极拳”。在王宗岳的系列拳论中，都没有“太极拳”之名，统称之为“十三势”。在蒋发所写的37篇拳解中，也没有“太极拳”之名，但“太极”二字，使用极为频繁，如《太极圈》、《太极进退不已功》、《太极上下名天地》、《太极体用解》、《太极文武解》、《太极懂劲解》、《人身太极解》、《太极分文武三成解》、《太极正功解》、《大小太极
解》等等。说明“十三势”这一拳理，是以太极理论为指导的。用“太极”为拳名，体现出其哲理，比起用叫“八门”、“五步”之技法命名更为适当。改名已是大势所趋，蒋发在《大小太极解》中有云：“天地为一大太极，人身为一小太极。人身为太极之体，不可不练太极之拳。”此处用“太极之拳”，而不用“太极拳”，即是处在改名为“太极拳”的前夕。该谱最后云：“此不用浊力纯以神行，功效著矣!
先师云：‘极柔软然后极坚刚。’盖此意也。”此处引用王宗岳名句“极柔软然后极坚刚”，称王宗岳为“先师”，可知作者是蒋发无疑。后来，蒋发将“王谱”中对三丰拳诀三、四之释文，抽出来重点推广，赋以《太极拳论》之标题，文末加上“是为论”三字，并立一附百于文后曰：“此论句句切要，开元一字陪衬，非有夙慧之人，未能悟也，先师不肯妄传，非独择人，亦恐枉费工夫耳。”这就是蒋发命名“太极拳”的真实写照。
3、创编了《总歌兼体用连联解》和《太极拳十三式手法起源之图》的赵堡秘传拳谱。(此二谱参见王海洲、严翰秀合著的《杜元化〈太极拳正宗〉考析》一书第163～164页及167页)该谱注明“命名十三式”、“此是真秘诀”、“万万勿轻视”等语，是赵堡派内秘中之秘。是蒋发创造性地发展了王宗岳拳理的成果。
杜元化在河南省国术馆公开传授此秘术时，馆长陈泮岭观后评价甚高。陈泮岭为杜元化作序说：“余酷嗜拳法，历访名家，望得其珍秘，不料今得杜先生育万（元化）所著秘而不传的太极拳解十三样，公之同好，方觉太极拳名实相符。”可见，蒋发在理论上有突出的贡献。
4、蒋发首次将“十三势”长拳的单式操演，周而复始，改为定型的太极拳套路：在王宗岳时代，“十三势”(长拳)是没有套路的。
蒋发前期著作《五十三势长拳解》中说：“自己用功，一势一式。用成之后，合之为长，滔滔不断，周而复始，所以名长拳。万不得有一定之架子，恐日久入于滑拳也，又恐入于硬拳也。”说明蒋发在前期，尚未有创编套路的思想。
后人陈微明有1930年著《太极答问》中有云：“闻以前太极拳是单式练法而不连贯，不如始于何时，将单练之各式连为一气，
以愚意揣之，大约始于王先生宗岳，因先生所作《太权拳论》有各式之名目，系连为一气也，故宗岳先生对于太极拳术，其功绝伟，若不连成一气，恐早失其传矣。”
由此看，《太极拳论》之名为蒋发所定，其后附上之各式名目，也必是在《太极拳论》问世之后的事，并非王宗岳之创编。查蒋发在晚年入陈沟时，曾帮陈王廷将炮捶一路改为陈式太极拳一路的套路，又为开封普救寺创编过“鬼扯攒”的套路，太极拳最早套路的创编者，应是蒋发。
5、为开封普救寺创编一套“鬼扯攒”拳术。据《武林》杂志1988年11期陈旭东发表的《山西“鬼扯攒”》一文说：“山西定襄县流
传的“鬼扯攒”拳术，相传是河南拳师蒋发所创。清康熙年间，定襄县小王村青年铁匠宋本意，因叔父老二误伤人命，被判流放于开封府三年。为报答叔父养育之恩，宋本意一直护送叔父到开封府，并住下来行乞，等待叔父期满同归。宋本意落脚于开封普救寺。
一夜，偶见和尚集体练功，很是喜爱。后几经曲折，终于学得秘传之‘鬼扯攒’拳法，后传至山西。”此文所述，时代与空间，均与蒋发的时代与地域相近，比较符合史实。
6.蔣發還有一些已散失待挖掘的拳譜著作。據杜元化《大極拳正宗》一書末頁的附言雲：「蔣老夫子傳太極拳正宗共八冊。餘所編皆係餘師任老夫子（任長春）所傳。其一生所繪總圖及十三樣手法之圖，僅兩見。
其次，餘為此外，未聞再繪過。因餘如弟劉瀛仙，囑餘公開，公之同好。今將一冊先付印焉，其餘正在編述中。 」(「育萬」印章）由此看出，蔣發所傳八冊，僅發表一冊，其餘因戰爭影響已散失無存。筆者曾托友人河南沁陽市張傑先生到杜元化家鄉，向後人打聽拳頭下落，均無蹤跡，甚為可惜。生活困難，其祖母陳李氏(陳清平之孫媳)將陳清平傳家的一批拳頭，賣與同村的張瑞南老師(現己散失)，這批拳頭譜，並非早已流傳的王宗岳拳頭，而是很有價值的秘傳之譜，才能賣出高價以糊口。論述。
對拳理拳功是有很多貢獻的。
綜上所述，蔣發的中年、壯年時代，是負有盛名，並有不少業績。但因史料缺乏，未能反映全貌，本節所述，只是局部而已。
四、晚年活動(1640年以後至終年)
明末，政治腐敗，民不聊生，官逼民反。因此，農民起義蜂起雲湧，以李自成、張獻忠為最。在河南也如全國一樣，農民被迫
造反。蔣發在亂世中，也難以生存，因而投身於登封縣以李際遇為首的農民起義隊伍之中，任部將。時在1640--1643年間，後因明王朝調動開封、洛陽、襄陽三路大軍圍攻，李際遇失敗身亡，蔣發亡命他鄉，隱姓埋名。直到清初，才流落到陳家溝，被陳王廷收留為僕。陳王廷與蔣發曾有一面之遇，即陳王廷與登封之李際遇友善，曾奉官府之命往勸李際遇投降。上山時，與蔣發交手一次。陳鑫在《陳氏家乘》中記有：「公與登封武將往際遇善，登封因官逼民亂，以際遇為首。公止之。當上山時，山上亂箭如雨，不能傷公。其人能百步趕兔，亦善拳者也。的太極拳神秘莫測，既可收為護院拳師，又能得其太極拳之傳授。對陳氏有利，故陳王廷對待蔣發，外稱為僕，曰蔣把式，內作為友，以便吸取蔣
發之太極拳技。蔣發年老，已是古稀之年，無依無靠，只好在陳家溝度過晚年，以終其生。
這一段歷史，筆者調查過趙堡的前輩。有的說，蔣發沒有參加李際遇的造反，是在家度過晚年，因家貧，也到過陳王廷家做工。這與陳家溝的記載不符，究竟有沒有上山造反，必須弄清楚。
本書之考證，堅持重證據，輕傳說的原則。上山造反方面，有下列證據：(1)《陳氏家乘·陳王廷傳》記有：「際遇事敗，有蔣姓僕於公，即當日所追者，其人能百步趕兔，亦善拳者也。 92年第12期第6頁著文確認：「這一位僕於公者，不是別人，正是蔣發。」(2)1928～1931年，陳溝村人盛稱蔣發為陳王延之師，而對唐豪所說又補充蔣發是李際遇部將。
兩項說法相同，又在1996年西安原寶山先生曾函詢陳家溝太極拳學校陳炳先生，了解蔣發的情況及有無碑文留下。陳炳先生回函答覆：「關於蔣發其人，唯一史證是陳王廷畫像。村中古今廣傳之說為蔣發為李際遇部將，李事敗遭滅，蔣投靠陳王延，內為僕友，外曰蔣把式。 '把式'是指做工種田之人，如'車把式'。蔣發立於身後，共像以傳。民國時期，王廷後人十七世陳正述，常到楊海窪祭奠蔣發。發。碑文史記，及蔣發。王廷後人將其
葬於此地，以鎮邪惡。 」
以上各份資料，都一致說蔣發是李際遇部將，陳溝的前輩村人，尊重蔣發為陳王廷之師，不會歪曲他的歷史，可以相信。現代人陳炳的說法，基本上與前人所述相近。但官方與陳溝當代傳人，均接受唐、顧的謊言，陳氏已獲虛榮，陳炳不可能說蔣發為陳王廷之師，只能改稱「內為僕友，外曰蔣把式」。 「內稱僕友」二字不當，「僕」與「友」不能同存，應是「內為友，外為僕，稱蔣把式」。因受唐、顧觀點影響，陳炳在「友」之前加一「僕」字，以適應情勢之需。由此可知，所謂「僕」是掩入耳目的稱呼，實質上，是師是友，以禮相待。
在趙堡的資料中，也有一份楊邦泰給宦大海的歷代傳人世系表，其中對蔣發的傳文也寫有「際遇事敗，隱入陳溝，匿名為僕"兩派的史料相符，又有蔣發與陳王廷的共像，證明「隱入陳溝，匿名為僕」是事實。
至於說蔣發有沒有上山造反，沒有任何文字和證人為憑，只是傳說。假如蔣發一貫在家生活，年老無靠，理應由弟子邢喜懷，再傳弟子張楚臣養老送終，並應葬在趙堡。這才符合「一日為師，終生為父」的傳統美德。但是，並沒有邢喜懷贍養蔣發的傳說。蔣發葬在陳溝楊海窪，就表示邢喜懷未有養老送終之事。這一現象，並不是說邢喜懷不對，而是蔣發造反失敗，在舊社會裡“成者為君，敗者為寇”，蔣發背上了很沉重的黑鍋，他不願連累弟子，也不願影響他建立的門派，寧願背井離鄉，流落外地。這就是他已經上山造反的後果。此外，在民不聊生的時代，邢、張等人，生活也是貧苦的，蔣發先到陳溝，獲得陳王廷贍養終生的禮遇，就不必增
加弟子的負擔，這是蔣發的自願，並非邢喜懷的過錯，後人會諒解的。
趙堡的前輩人，為了保存本派名譽，不願說出真相，將蔣發上山造反的歷史掩蓋下來，世代相傳。這是封建時代遺留下來的烙印。
今天，有人以「匿名為僕」為把柄，否定蔣發前半生的功績，是不公正的，是以宗派私心幹擾歷史。對歷史人物的評價，主要看他一生對社會的貢獻，不在於某一時期所處地位的尊卑。因此，本文對蔣發的一生高度評價，是一位傑出的太極宗師。
蔣發
蔣發在陳王廷家生活，也為報答其贍養之恩，對陳王廷學習太極拳的願望，也給予指導，並指導其將砲捶頭套改造為陳式太極拳一路，也授予雙人推手的技術，口授了王宗岳傳授的《打手歌》。由於陳王廷地位尊貴，對蔣發沒有拜師的追求，蔣發對非門內之人的傳授，也內外有別，未授太極內功和“王宗岳拳譜”，故陳王廷所得太極功夫，尚屬初級階段，不能傳子傳孫，形成兩個世代的斷代。但對陳溝村人，普及了太極拳的初步基礎，對其後世人，的追求和中興，也有一定的作用。
(附註：筆者是習楊式太極拳的學者，與趙堡太極拳無傳承關係。本文宗旨是站在學術立場，以消除唐、顧的誤導，還歷史以本來面目，沒有支持某派的用意。
太極拳總歌（兼體用聯解）--蔣發（1574-1654，第1代宗師）
一圓即太極：此層從背絲纏絲分出陰陽。其練是纏法，其用是捆法。
上下分兩儀：此層陽升陰降，陽輕陰重。其練是波瀾法，其用是就法。
進退呈四象：此層半陰半陽，純陰純陽，互為往來。其練為蠆法，其用是伏貼法。開合是乾坤：此層天地相合，陰陽交合。其練是抽扯法，其用是撐法。
出入綜坎離：此層火降水升，水火沸騰。其練是催法，其用是回合法。
領落錯震巽：此層雷風鼓動，有起有伏，其練是抑揚法，其用是激法。
迎抵推艮兌：此層為口為耳，能聽能問，彼此通氣。其練是稱法，其用是虛靈法。
命名十三式，總而合之為十三，因各有致用，故不得不別之為十三。
此是真秘訣，其中所包一圓、兩儀、四象、八卦，各有秘訣，一絲不紊。一太極圖中，而十三式俱現，秘莫秘於此矣。萬萬勿輕施，秘戒學者，謹慎傳人，切忌濫授。
出入綜坎離：此層火降水升，水火沸騰。其練是催法，其用是回合法。
領落錯震巽：此層雷風鼓動，有起有伏，其練是抑揚法，其用是激法。
迎抵推艮兌：此層為口為耳，能聽能問，彼此通氣。其練是稱法，其用是虛靈法。
命名十三式，總而合之為十三，因各有致用，故不得不別之為十三。
此是真秘訣，其中所包一圓、兩儀、四象、八卦，各有秘訣，一絲不紊。一太極圖中，而十三式俱現，秘莫秘於此矣。萬萬勿輕施，秘戒學者，謹慎傳人，切忌濫授。
蔣發宗師是張三豐祖師的再傳弟子
張三豐—劉古泉—王宗岳—蔣發—傳趙堡太極拳。
在太極拳的流傳和發展史上，蔣發宗師是一位承上啟下的重要人物。可以說，沒有蔣發宗師到山西向王宗岳學習太極拳，絕不可能有今天的陳、楊、吳、武、孫等流派的流傳與發展。海內外的太極拳傳人，牢記古訓「吃水不忘挖井人」是樹立尊師重道觀念，提高道德情操的重要保證。
蔣發宗師學拳經歷雖已久遠，可雍正六年趙堡古拳譜存留的蔣發著《太極拳功》，卻是清晰可見，它是蔣發到山西學拳最有力的證據之一。為了方便學習、研究、繼承和發展，現公之於同好。
蔣發著《太極拳功》
「師傅曰：『太極行功法，在調陰陽、合神氣止心於臍下。』乃曰：『凝神斂神入氣穴，使陰陽交感，渾然一炁』。夫太極拳者，靜而始動，動而至靜，動靜相因。 ，學者不二法門也。
筆者以為，蔣發宗師是尊師重道的典範。現就蔣發《太極拳功》而言，首先說：“師傅曰”，繼而又說“乃曰。”初看之，似乎指其恩師王宗岳。細觀之，見其文風與王宗岳《太極拳論》不相吻合，但與張三豐《學太極拳須斂神聚氣論》和《太極行功法》文風與內涵卻是高度的一致。故而可斷，蔣發文中“師傅曰”與“乃曰”，是指張三豐祖師傳曰無疑。
蔣發《太極拳功》由兩部分組成，其中「師傅曰：『太極行功法，在調陰陽，合神氣止心於臍下。』」是對張三豐《太極行功法》的高度濃縮而成。而「乃曰：『凝神斂神入氣穴，使陰陽交感，渾然一炁』」。則是對三豐祖師《學太極拳須斂神聚氣論》融會貫通後的濃縮。其餘後面部分，如「連而不斷」、「動靜相因」、「拳未到而意先到，拳不到而意亦到」。以及「上下相隨，內外相合，虛實分明，用意不用力，學者不二法門也」等，多數都是三豐祖師文中的原句，僅三豐祖師《太極拳十要》收錄的就有十分之四。
以上蔣發《太極拳功》與三豐祖師拳論進行對照，相互印證，足以說明，明代太極拳祖師張三豐與其再傳弟子蔣發之間的傳承關係，早在400年前的明萬歷年間，就牢牢地鑲嵌在蔣發《太極拳功》的字裡行間。同時也說明了《太極拳十要》是三豐祖師的古典太極拳拳法。後經趙堡歷代傳人和楊澄甫、陳微明等修改和補充後，使其更加完善，成為習太極拳不二法門的「十大要素」而流傳於後世。
以上蔣發《太極拳功》再現中國武壇，足以證明，蔣發宗師是三豐祖師的再傳弟子確定無疑。明代張三豐創造的太極拳，三百年後，經趙堡太極拳第四代宗師陳敬柏（趙堡鎮人），在清乾隆年間才傳入陳家溝。趙堡太極拳的流傳又與陳王廷何干？ ！沒有蔣發宗師於明萬歷年間去山西向王宗岳學習張三豐的太極拳，何來陳家溝的陳式太極拳！
目前，推廣陳派太極拳以拉動地方經濟収入為目的地方權勢力挺陳派，獨樹陳派打壓趙堡太極，拿出什麼家譜來套趙堡傳人中的陳敬柏、陳清平。惡意混淆真實太極拳傳承，以扶持和式太極為幌，實以招安目的在於拆解趙堡太極傳承，在地方權力支持下欺世滅祖獨霸天下。壓制蔣發目地在於否定源自武當張三豐的太極拳之歷史地位。獨樹陳王廷創造太極拳之謬論。到目前陳式太極只不過是個沒有什麼像樣太極理論的砲錘拳架而巳。
那我們要問，那些說「蔣發是陳王廷的弟子，還為陳氏扛大刀」的人，不知此時有何感想！
那些說「趙堡太極拳是陳氏太極拳支流」的人，不知此時又有何感受！
那些說「溫縣趙堡太極拳總會是非法組織」的人，此時此刻，又有何感慨呢？
文後寄語
綜前所述，無論是杜元化的考證，或是王柏青古拳譜的記載；無論是台灣《道藏精華》的最新挖掘，或是蔣發宗師《太極拳功》的再現。都無可辯駁的證明，張三豐祖師曾為創造太極拳和傳播太極拳建立了豐功偉業。當元末明初的張三豐祖師創造中國的太極拳時，陳家溝的陳王廷還遠沒有出世呢！
毋庸置疑，這是建國以來，武術界一樁最大的錯案和冤案。說它是錯案，因為它錯認了太極拳的祖師；說它是冤案，因為這是中國道家和道教文化的一樁千古奇冤！
這樁錯案和冤案，不但湮沒了道家始祖老子創立太極鍊丹術理論體系的偉大貢獻。而且還湮沒了諸如尹文始、莊子、列子、文子、魏伯陽、麻衣道長、陳摶、鍾離權、呂洞賓、白玉蟾、張伯端、王重陽、丘處機、火龍真人等兩千餘年來的歷代道家和道教學者，前赴後繼地為道術、太極鍊丹術和太極拳理論的形成、完善和發展所做出的卓越貢獻。更重要的是它湮沒張三豐創造和傳播太極拳所做出的偉大貢獻。
明代的張三豐，之所以至今未被尊奉為太極拳與武當內家拳的武聖和精神領袖，以及在武術發展史上的地位未得到充分肯定，完全是因為半個世紀以來武術界管理層在源流史上考察的偏頗所致。三豐祖師之所以偉大，是因為他創造了科學的太極拳理論體系；創編了以十三勢為核心的太極拳勢和完整的套路，以及太極雙推手和散手等。後經王宗岳、蔣發、邢喜懷、張楚臣、王柏青、陳敬柏、張宗禹、張彥、陳清平、張應昌、和兆元、李景顏、李作智、任長春、張敬芝、楊露禪、武禹襄、李亦然、李亦楊澄浦、吳鑑泉、郝為真、孫祿堂、杜元化、鄭伯英、鄭悟清、侯春秀、王晉讓（台）、李雅軒、鄭曼青（台）、吳圖南和陳發科等的傳授和發揚，廣泛流傳於今世。張三豐祖師所遺留的非物質文化遺產，世代相傳，流光溢彩，傳遍了祖國大江南北，遠播了五洲四海，造福了億萬的民眾，為人民大眾的健康長壽做出了不可磨滅的貢獻。
我堅信，在黨的十七大「推動社會主義文化大發展大繁榮」的精神指導下，在建構和諧社會、科學發展觀和依法治國方針指引下，在海內外廣大太極拳傳人的推動下，希望國家為上述古代道家老夫子和張三豐正名之日，為中華民族的復興。實事求是還中國太極拳一個真實的歷史將會到來。
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